intro to carbohydrate metabolism

Question 1

what type of enzyme is glucoamylase?

Answer 1

exoglycosidase

Question 2

Answer 2

amylopectin and glycogen

Question 3

what type of enzyme is maltase?

Answer 3

dissacharidase which cleaves dissaccharides and some larger substrates

Question 4

What is the target glycosidic bond for isomaltase?

Answer 4

glu-alpha 1,6-glu

Question 4

where is sucrose broken down and why?

Answer 4

in the small intestine NOT the mouth b/c it is already small enough ( a dissaccharide) and doesn’t need to be broken down in the mouth like starch.

Question 4

does muscle put glucose out into the blood why or why not?

Answer 4

NO b/c it doesn’t have the final enzyme to breakdown glucose -6- phosphate to glucose therefore it just uses glucose stores for itself when needed.

Question 5

why can’t we digest cellulose ( main component of fiber)?

Answer 5

b/c we don’t have the enzyme to cleave the glucose to glucose beta 1,4 linkage.

Question 6

what structure is this?

Answer 6

maltose

Question 7

what structure is this?

Answer 7

lactose

Question 8

What structure is this?

Answer 8

Beta- D- fructose

Question 8

what type of enzyme is isomaltase?

Answer 8

dissaccharidase which cleaves dissaccharides and some larger substrates

Question 9

what structure is this?

Answer 9

maltriose

Question 10

What is this structure?

Answer 10

sucrose

Question 10

what structure is this?

Answer 10

cellulose

Question 11

what structure is this?

Answer 11

amylose

Question 12

what structure is this?

Answer 12

alpha-d - galactose

Question 14

what structure is this?

Answer 14

alpha- dextrins ( oligosacchrides with alpha-1,6 branches)

Question 15

In general how can you recognize a D sugar?

Answer 15

the primary carbon will have the OH group facing down

Question 16

how can you tell a an alpha configuration from a beta configuration?

Answer 16

in an alpha configuration the CH2OH at the 5th carbon will be in opposite direction as the primary OH group,

In beta configuration the CH2OH at the 5th carbon will be in same direction as the primary OH group,

Question 18

sucrose is a ________________ sugar. ( fill- in the blank and Explain why)

Answer 18

non-reducing sugar

because the OH’s of the 2 anomeric carbons are not free

Question 20

What is the target glycosidic bond for glucoamylase?

Answer 20

glu-alpha 1,4-glu

Question 21

what structure is this?

Answer 21

isomaltose

Question 22

what type of enzyme is alpha-amylase?

Answer 22

endoglucosidase

Question 23

what structure is this?

Answer 23

alpha-d - glucose

Question 24

What is the target glycosidic bond for alpha amylase?

Answer 24

glu-alpha1,4-glu

Question 26

What is the target glycosidic bond for sucrase?

Answer 26

glu-alpha1, 2-fru

Question 27

what is the pentose pathway used for?

Answer 27

to make NADPH

Question 28

what type of enzyme is sucrase?

Answer 28

dissaccharidase

Question 29

what type of enzyme is lactase?

Answer 29

dissaccharidase

Question 30

What is the target glycosidic bond for lactase?

Answer 30

gal-beta 1,4-glu

Question 31

What is the target glycosidic bond for maltase?

Answer 31

glu- alpha 1,4-glu

Question 32

what is the anomeric carbon for aldoses?

Answer 32

C1

Question 33

what is the anomeric carbon for ketoses?

Answer 33

C2