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Blood Bank CCMLS > intro to blood bank > Flashcards

intro to blood bank Flashcards

1
Q

rbc membrane is freely permeable to

A

water
anions
o2
co2

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2
Q

rbc membrane is not freely permeable to

A

Na+
K+
Ca2+

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3
Q

RBC: 90% of energy is from what

A

anaeroboic gycolysis

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4
Q

methemoglobin reductase pathway keeps ____ in a _____ state

A

iron in a ferrous state

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5
Q

blood is stored at

A

1-6*C

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6
Q

if blood is kept longer than shelf life what is the effect

A

decreased ATP and 2,3 DPG
increased O2 affinity
less functional RBCs

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7
Q

loss of RBC viability w/ storage storage associated biochemical changes like

A

decrease in pH
increase in lactate
decrease in glucose availability
decrease in ATP
loss of RBC function (increase in K+ levels)

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8
Q

Additives (blood preservatives)

A

dextrose (support ATP production)
adenine (substrate for ATP prod.)
phosphate buffer to control pH
citrate to prevent clotting

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9
Q

effect of storage on coagulation factors in blood after 24 hours

A

decrease in labile coagulation factors
very few functional plts

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10
Q

additives of blood with a 21 day storage limit

A

CPD (citrate phosphate dextrose)
CP2D (citrate phosphate dextrose dextrose)

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11
Q

additives of blood with a 35 day storage

A

CPDA-1 (citrate phosphate dextrose adenine)

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12
Q

storage temperatures of WBC & RBCs

A

1-6*C

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13
Q

storage temperatures of plasma (FFP):

A

-18*C or less

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14
Q

storage temperatures of platelets

A

20-24*C

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15
Q

frozen RBCs @ -65*C or less for 10 years can be used for

A

autologous units
rare types

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16
Q

frozen RBCs must be ____ before freezing

A

coated in protective glycerol

17
Q

rejuvenation solutions

A

used for rare units
rejuvesol
regenerates ATP and 2,3 DPG

18
Q

Agglutination

A

clumping of particulate matter from interaction of Ab and Ag

19
Q

agglutinin

A

antibody that agglutinates cells

20
Q

agglutinogen

A

substance that stimulates production of agglutinin
acts as an antigen

21
Q

sensitization of agglutination

A

antibody attachment
equilibrium constant

22
Q

equilibrium constant

A

amount of Ab-Ag @ equilibrium
the higher the constant the higher the rate of association
affected by [ ] of Ab & Ag

23
Q

lattice formation of agglutination

A

formation of bridges between sensitized cells

24
Q

antibody specificity

A

primary determinant
type of Ab (IgM way better more connecting points- IgG not as good)

25
Q

antigen antibody ratio

A

affects speed and antibody uptake
increase Ab = increased sensitivity

26
Q

factors affecting sensitization

A

antibody specificity
antigen-antibody ratio
pH
temperature
incubation time
ionic repulsion

27
Q

factors affecting lattice formation

A

zeta potential
enzymes
antihuman globulin
additional reagents

28
Q

pH (sensitization)

A

optimal pH 7.0

29
Q

temperature (sensitization)

A

IgM perform best when below 37C
IgG perform best @ 37C

30
Q

incubation time (sensitization)

A

time allows for Ab uptake

31
Q

ionic repulsion (sensitization)

A

created by Na and Cl ions
low ionic strength saline used to minimize the effect (or PEG)

32
Q

zeta potential (lattice formation)

A

occurs due to a negative net charge on RBC from sialic acid
“ionic cloud”

33
Q

True or False:
A foreign agglutinogen will trigger the production of an agglutinin.

A

True

34
Q

True or False:
If we increase the amount of antibody in comparison to the amount of antigen during sensitization, the sensitivity will decrease

A

false

35
Q

Prozone is

A

Antibody Excess

36
Q

All of the following choices affect sensitization except:
Antigen-Antibody Ratio

Incubation Time
pH
Zeta potential
temperature
Ionic repulsion

A

zeta potential

Blood Bank CCMLS (7 decks)

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