ABO Flashcards
Name the terminal sugar which defines the “A” blood group antigen
n-acetyl galactosamine
Name the terminal sugar which defines the “B” blood group antigen.
D-galactose
Name the sugar that serves as a “base for attachment” of other sugars which define blood group antigens.
Fucose
Bombay
RBCs
are different from normal
RBCs
because:
There was no inheritance of the H gene
There is no attachment of fucose to the precursor
What antibody(ies) are present in the serum of a Bombay individual?
Anti-A
Anti-B
Anti-H
Which of the genes below have a role in ABO antigen
formation?
H
A
Se
H
A
What phenotypes are possible in offspring if mother is group A and father is group AB?
A
B
AB
What genotypes are possible in offspring if mother is group AB and father is group O?
BO
AO
If one did ABO grouping by routine technique, what blood group would the Bombay individual appear to be?
Group O
What genotypes are possible in offspring if mother is group A and father is group AB?
AA
BO
AO
AB
What genotypes are possible in offspring if mother is group O and father is group A?
OO
AO
What phenotypes are possible in offspring if mother is group O and father is group A?
A
O
Which situations could cause mixed field agglutination when doing ABO testing?
A3 subgroup
A group A person who has been transfused with a large amount of group O blood
What phenotypes are possible in offspring if mother is group AB and father is group O?
A
B
What is the purpose of an
auto control when incubating reverse groupings at 4 degrees C?
To make sure that reactions are due to ABO antibodies and not cold autoantibodies
What is the appropriate action if one observes
rouleaux
when doing blood group testing?
Wash the cells and repeat testing
Which of the following would cause unexpected positive reactions in the reverse group of ABO testing?
Presence of an unexpected IgM alloantibody
Presence of a cold alloantibody
A group A2 person with an anti-A1 antibody
Why is it helpful to know the patient’s age when doing ABO testing?
Newborns have no antibodies of their own
As on ages, antibody strength may decline
The following results were obtained on a cord blood:
RBC Testing:
RBCs+ Anti A : 0
RBCs+ Anti B : 2+
RBCs+ Anti A,B : 3+
Serum Testing: Serum + A1 Cells : 0
Serum + B Cells : 0
What is the person’s ABO group?
Type B
The following results were obtained on an adult patient:
RBC Testing:
RBCs+ Anti A : 0
RBCs+ Anti B : 0
RBCs+ Anti A,B : 0
Serum Testing: Serum + A1 Cells : 0
Serum + B Cells : 0
What is the person’s ABO group?
Cannot interpret, should try cold enhancement of reverse group reactions
When one detects a pattern of results like the following, what A subgroup is most likely:
RBC Testing:
RBCs+ Anti A : 1+mf
RBCs+ Anti B : 0
RBCs+ Anti A,B : 1+mf
Serum Testing:
Serum + A1 Cells : 0
Serum + B Cells : 3+
A3
The following results were obtained on an adult patient:
RBC Testing:
RBCs+ Anti A : 3+
RBCs+ Anti B : 0
RBCs+ Anti A,B : 3+
Serum Testing:
Serum + A1 Cells : 1
Serum + B Cells : 4+
What is the person’s ABO group?
Cannot interpret, should test cells with anti-A1 lectin
Cannot interpret, should do antibody screen on serum
You are doing ABO grouping on an adult patient who received an emergency transfusion three days ago with large volumes of group O blood for a gunshot wound. From previous records, the patient’s ABO group is B.
Your results today:
RBC Testing:
RBCs+ Anti A : 0
RBCs+ Anti B : 2+mf
RBCs+ Anti A,B : 2+mf
Serum Testing:
Serum + A1 Cells : 3
Serum + B Cells : 0
What is causing the weak reactions in the forward group?
The donor cells
What is the purpose of an
O cell control
when incubating reverse groupings at 4 degrees C?
To make sure that reactions are due to ABO antibodies and not cold alloantibodies
Which antibodies are normally present in the serum of a Bombay individual?
Anti-A
Anti-B
Anti-A,B
Anti-H
order the blood groups from most H substance present to the least
O> A2> B> A2B> A1> A1B> Bombay
A person with the blood type of ‘A’ will have which of the following antibodies in their serum
Anti-B
A person with the blood type of ‘B’ will have which of the following antibodies in their serum
Anti-A
A person with the blood type of ‘AB’ will have which of the following antibodies in their serum
none
A person with the blood type of ‘O’ will have which of the following antibodies in their serum
Anti-A
Anti-B
True or False:
Without inheriting the ‘H’ Gene, immunodominant sugars cannot be created
true
True or False:
‘A’ and ‘B’ genes code for enzymes that replace the ‘H’ antigen
true
Put the following blood types in order from least ‘H’ antigen present to most ‘H’ antigen present
B
O
A1
A2
A1B
A2B
A1B
A1
A2B
B
A2
O
If a patient has the following genes, which antigens would appear in their secretions:
Se/se | H/h | AB
H antigen
A antigen
B antigen
If a patient has the following genes, which antigens would appear in their secretions:
se/se | H/h | AB
none
If a patient has the following genes, which antigens would appear in their secretions:
Se/Se | H/h | O
H antigen
If a patient has the following genes, which antigens would appear in their secretions:
Se/Se | h/h | A
none
If a patient has the following genes, which antigens would appear in their secretions:
Se/Se | H/h | A
H antigen
A antigen
