Intro to Biochem (ONLY NEEDED IF YOU HAVE NOT TAKEN SCH4U OR FORGOTTEN BASICS) Flashcards
SCH4U recap
What is matter?
matter is any object around us that is composed of particles called atoms.
Atoms are composed of positive protons, negative electrons and neutral neutrons.
what are the electrons in the outmost orbital called?
Valence electrons.
Atoms combine to make molecules.
What are bonds between atoms of the same molecule called?
Intramolecular bonds.
What are bonds that connect molecules to other molecules called?
Intermolecular bonds.
What is biochemistry?
Biochemistry is a field that bridges biology and chemistry.
It deals specifically with the properties and interactions of biologically important molecules.
What are organic molecules?
organic molecules are molecules that contain carbon and hydrogen.
Inorganic molecules do not contain carbon or hydrogen (or either).
what are compounds?
compounds are when atoms bundle up to become more stable through bonding.
compounds can either be ionic or covalent.
what is the difference between a compound and a molecule?
a molecule is when two or more atoms join together chemically.
a compound is a molecule that contains at least two different elements.
all compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds.
difference between ionic and covalent bond?
covalent bonds share electrons to form octet
ionic bonds, an atom trades its electron to the other atom to form an octet (occurs between metals and non-metals only).
difference between cation and anion?
cation is a positive ion
anion is a negative ion
what is electronegativity?
electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons to itself.
it is used to determine whether or not bond will be ionic, covalent or non-polar covalent.
what is a hydrogen bond?
it is the attraction between two polar groups.
it occurs when a hydrogen atom is covalently bound to a highly electronegative atom such as nitrogen (N) or oxygen (O)
