Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FOM week 6 > intro to bacteria & viruses > Flashcards

intro to bacteria & viruses Flashcards

1
Q

what is the gram stain appearance of gram positive bacteria ?

A

purple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the gram stain appearance of gram negative bacteria?

A

red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the two groups cocci and bacilli are bacteria describe their gram stain appearance

A

cocci-spherical
bacilli - rod shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what can you find on the cell surface of bacteria?

A
  1. penicillin binding site
    2.peptidoglycan
    3.lipopolysaccharides i.e lipopoly only in gram negative
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

describe the thickness of peptidoglycan in gram positive and gram negative bacteria

A

gram positive has a thick cell wall (peptidoglycan)

gram negative has a thin one

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what gram bacteria contains the outer membrane (lipopolysaccharide?)

A

gram negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are frimbae and state its function?

A

thread like projections used for sticking to things (adherance)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how does bacteria replicate?

A

binary fission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is a bacteriophage ?

A

a virus that parasitses a bacterium by reproducing inside of it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How do you view a colony of individual bacteria?

A

using ur eyes to view it on a solid medium/agar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is used to identify strains within a species?

A

dna typing techniques

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the key differences between gram positive and gram negative bacteria?

A

stain remains in gram positive where as it washes off in gram negative

gram postive has no outer membrane (lipopolysaccharides) but gram negative does

gram negative has wavy cell wall whereas gram positive has a smooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how much peptidoglycan does gram positive and negative have?

A

70-80% in gram positive

10-20% gram negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

do gram positive bacteria contain porins?

A

no porins or hydrophilic channels occur in the outer membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

state 3 possible shapes of a virus

A

icosahedral , complex or helical

(complex is neither helical nor icosahedral)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are obligate intracellular pathogens?

A

can only replicate inside a host i.e a virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define virion

A

ineffective form of a virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what surrounds nucleic acid in a virus molecule?

A

a capsid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is common in all antiviral agents?

A

theyre are virostatic (stops virus from replicating/growing)

not virucidal(termination of virus)

20
Q

What are the stages of virus replication?

A

1.attachment
2.uncoating (entry)
3.replication (of nucleic acid)
synthesis
4.assembly(like putting things together in jigzaw)
5.release

21
Q

state the name of the method of viral transmission between animals to humans?

A

zoonotic

22
Q

What are the consequences of viral infection?

A

-chronic infection
-latent infection e.g coldsaws so can come back
-transformation

23
Q

how does genetic variation occur in bacteria ?

A

-spontanous mutation

-genetic transfer of DNA

24
Q

what are plasmids?

A

circular DNA found within bacteria

25
Q

what are the 2 subunits of the bacterial ribosome

A

large 50s unit

small 30s unit

26
Q

what are parasites classified by?

A

life cycle and celullar structure

27
Q

wht does entamoeba histolytica cause ?

A

amboebic dynestry (bloody diarrohead)

28
Q

what is the worm that is associated with enterobiasis?

A

pinworm

29
Q

what symptom does enterobiasis(pinworm) cause?

A

itch in anal area

30
Q

why is poor sanitation linked with cestode infection?

A

live stock eat human waste/faeces then human eat livestock e.g pigs

31
Q

how are trematodes transmitted?

A

(flat worm, think leaches)

contact with fresh water & snails act as host)

32
Q

what indirect tests can be used to detect presence of parasite?

A

serology
rapid diagnostic test

33
Q

list 2 examples of fungi disease

A

athletes foot
thrush

34
Q

what are candida infections

A

fungal infections caused by yeast (GI tract)

35
Q

what group of antifungals target fungi cell wall?

A

echinocandins

36
Q

what group of antifungals target fungi cell membrane?

A

polygenes

36
Q

what group of antifungals targer fungi DNA synthesis?

A

flucytosine

37
Q

what route of administration are echinocandins given to patients?

A

IV

38
Q

what does coaugulase negative produce?

A

biofilms

39
Q

what is the main pathogen in group B streptococci

A

streptococcus agalactiae

40
Q

give an example of a gram negative anaerobe

A

bacteriodes fragilis

41
Q

give an example of a miscellaneous bacteria

A

mycobacterium spp

42
Q

why do some bacteria not show up on a gram stain?

A

diff components of cell wall, or no cell wall at all

43
Q

give 2 common spirochaete diseases

A

lyme disease

syphilis

44
Q

where does leptospirosis mainly effect?

A

kidneys

FOM week 6 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions