Intro to Aphasia Flashcards
(20 cards)
How many strokes occur each year?
About 800,000
How many strokes result in aphasia?
About 1 third
What is the estimated US aphasia prevalence?
2,500,000
Are most people knowledgable about aphasia?
NO
Who is Gabby Gifford?
Politician, was shot in head and got aphasia, motor impairment. Made address talking about aphasia recently.
What are the different perspectives of the definition of aphasia?
Neurological perspective–Aquired language impairment resulting from legion without other impairments. Can be present in all language components.
Neurolinguistic perspective–breakdown in specific domains resulting from lesion
Cognitive perspective–selective breakdown of language processing and cognitive skills from legion
Functional perspective–communication impairment masking competence
What does it mean that aphasia is multimodal?
It can impact all modes of communication (receptive communication–auditory comp. and reading comp.), expressive communication (verbal and written language)
What does neurogenic mean?
Originated in brain
Is aphasia due to a psychogenic issue?
No
What does aphasia affect?
Communicative and social functioning, quality of life, quality of life of relatives and caregivers.
What is retained in aphasia?
Pragmatics, nonlinguistic behavior, perception, person experiences, world knowledge (may be absent in some people depending on their lesion/injury
What are some issues for people with aphasia in terms of service delivery?
Lack of insurance, limited # of visits through insurance, lack of access to rehab due to aphasia being sole disability
What aspect of the WHO-ICF should SLPs consider?
Activities and participation–tasks involving language all modalities, daily functional communication tasks. Lack of access = lower quality of life.
What are the different potential therapy types for people with aphasia?
1:1(most typical), group therapy, computer based therapy (apps ex: tactus), telepractice, pharmacotherapy(meds for resultant/concomitant disorders, not aphasia itself. Non invasive brain stimulation, behavioral
Describe group therapy potential use for someone with aphasia
Didactic (teaching). Provides social and emotional support (multipurpose). Transition between individual tx and discharge or add on technique
Describe computer therapy potential use for someone with aphasia
Can use to increase amount and intensity of therapy in a cost effective fahion
Describe pharmacotherapy potential use for PWA
Stimulate widespread cerebral activity with neurotransmitters as an attent to improve cognitive substrates of language processing Ex: attention, short term memory, etc
Describe noninvasive brain stimulation potential use for PWA
Inhibit/excite cortical areas. Can use repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation or transcranial direct current stimulation. Increased language performance in chronic nonfluent aphasia
What is dysarthria?
Speech disorder resulting from damage to central/peripheral nervous system. Paralysis, weakness, incoordination of speech musculature
What is apraxia?
Neurogenic, results from impairment in capacity to program sensorimotor commands for positioning and movement. May not have weakness or slowness, no disturbances of conscious thought/language
