Intro to Algae Terms Flashcards
What does “Algos” mean?
Latin for “seaweed”
What does “Phycos” mean?
Greek for “seaweed”
What are the 4 criteria for defining algal divisions?
Pigmentation, Flagellation, Storage Products, and Cell Wall characteristics.
How many types of Chlorophyll are there? What are their names?
There is chl. a, b, c, and d.
Where is chl. a usually found?
In all algae and plants.
Where is chl. b usually found?
In green algae, Euglenoids, and plants.
Where is chl. c usually found?
In yellow-green and brown divisions.
Where is chl. d usually found?
In red algae.
What are carotenoids?
They’re accessory pigments.
What are the two pigments under carotenoids?
Carotenes (yellow-orange pigments, oxygen free hydrocarbons) and xanthophylls (yellow/orange/brown/red, oxygenated derivatives and important in diatoms).
What are the two types of phycobilins?
Phycoerythrin (red) and phycocyanin (blue).
Are phycobilins found in algae other than red algae and cyanobacteria?
No; they are water soluble so they cannot exist in membranes apart from red algae/cyanobacteria/and any descendants.
What are the four words to describe flagellation in algae?
Simple (Non tapering whip), Acronematic (Smooth tapered whip), Pleyronematic (Lateral flimmers), Haptonema (coiled and attaching).
What are the four types of storage products?
Oil, starch, glycogean, or alcohols.
What do you need to look out for in algae cell walls?
Presents, chemistry, structure (ex: petroglycean in cell walls or starch in cell walls, etc).
How many divisions of algae are there?
Four.
What’s an easy way to tell these divisions apart?
Each division (except Div. 1) adds a MEMBRANE around their CHLOROPLAST.
What group(s) fall under Div. 1?
Cyanobacteria
What group(s) fall under Div. 2?
Glaucophyta (diverges from Reds and Greens), Rhodophyta (Red algae), Chlorophyta (Green algae)
What group(s) fall under Div. 3?
Euglenophyta and Dinophyta
What group(s) fall under Div. 4?
Crytophyta, Haptophyta, Heterokontophyta.
How are algae different from byrophytes?
Has no spore dependence, unicellular, and gametangia.
How are algae different from bacteria?
Algae are usually eukaryotic (except Cyanobacteria), contains chl. b.
How are algae different from animals?
Typically autotrophic and some have cell walls.
