Intro to Algae Flashcards
To get an A on this phyto midterm.
What are phytoplankton?
Free floating, photosynthetic, autotrophs.
Land: Total NPP, NPP/area, Biomass %, Turnover Time
56.4 Pg/ 426 g Cm2/ 99.8%/ 0.2%
Ocean: Total NPP, NPP/Area, Biomass%, Turnover Time
48.5 Pg/ 140 g Cm2/ 0.2%/ 2-6 Days
What can phytoplankton be used for?
- Indicators of biogeographic regions
- paleontological markers
- food for aquaculture
- indicators of environmental change
How can we classify phytoplankton?
- Size
- Pigment
- Trophic group
- Species
Net plankton are between what class sizes?
Microplankton (20-200um) to Megaplankton (20-200CM)
What are the 3 domains of life?
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
Difference between bacteria and archaea?
Chlorophyll based photosynthesis
What are the 4 supergroups in which phytoplankton?
- Plantae
- Excavata
- Rhizaria
- Chromalveolates
What are the 9 phyla/divisions in which phytoplankton are found?
- Rhodophyta
- Chloropyta
- Glaucophyta
- Euglenophyta
- Chlorarachiniophyta
- Heterokontophyta/Stramenopiles
- Haptophyta (=Prymnesiophyta)
- Cryptophyta (Cryptomonads)
- Dinophyta
Characteristics of Cyanobacteria
- Gram negative
- Structurally diverse
- Found in many environments
- Some can fix nitrogen
Characteristics of Glaucophyta
- Very old lineage-“coelocanths”
- Have syncyanoses
- Cyanelles have peptidoglycan layer but reduced genomes
- Very few known species (~10)
- Uncommon
- Found in freshwater
Characteristics of Rhodophyta
- Old lineage
- Mostly marine, mostly macroalgae
- Bangiophyceae is polyphyletic
Characteristics of Euglenophyta
- Mostly unicellular and freshwaster although some marine.
- ONE CLASS: Euglenophyceae
- Many nutritional modes
- Most closely related to Kinetoplastids, obligatory parasitic protists
Characteristics of Chloroarachniophyta
- Cercozoa is a sub-group
- Marine unicellular
- Amoeboid +/- reticulo(pseudo)podia
- 4 genera, 5 spp. but also unknowns
- Nucleomorph present
