Intro Lectures

Question 1

What is pharmacology

Answer 1

The study of interactions of drugs with living systems

Question 2

What is clinical pharmacology

Answer 2

The application of pharmacology principles to patients

Question 3

What is pharmacy

Answer 3

The science of the preparation of drugs

Question 4

What is toxicology

Answer 4

The study of poisons and their treatments

Question 5

Comparative pharmacology

Answer 5

Study of drugs in different species

Question 6

Veterinary clinical pharmacology

Answer 6

Clinical pharmacology applied to veterinary animal species

Question 7

Evidence based medicine

Answer 7

Pharmacological principles based on valid, relevant research and clinical data

Question 8

What is a Drug

Answer 8

Any substance which can affect a biological system.

Question 9

What is pharmacokinetics

Answer 9

ADME
“What the animal does to the drug”
The movement of the drug in the body

Question 10

What is pharmacodynamics

Answer 10

What the drug does to the animal

Question 11

What are the therapeutic principles?

Answer 11

What is being treated
Does the issue need to be treated with a drug
How will the efficacy be monitored

Question 12

What are the sources of drugs

Answer 12

Natural
(Mineral, virus, fungi, bacteria, plant, animal)
Semisynthetic
Synthetic

Question 13

What are virus’s used for in pharmacology

Answer 13

Virus or viral particles for vaccines 
Fly
West Nile
Distemper 
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus

Question 14

Why are fungis used in pharmacology.

Side note- why did the fungi leave the cool party?

Answer 14

BECAUSE THERE WASNT MUSHROOM! Ahhh hahahaha

But really
Antibiotics (pen G from p. Chrysogenum) (cephalosporin C from A chrysogenum)
Antifungals
(Griseofulvin from penicillium griseofulvum)

Question 15

What is bacterias role in pharmacology

Answer 15

Antibiotics
Bacitracin from bacillus subtilis 
Polymixin from b. Polymyxa 
Streptomycin from s. Gruseus
Gentamicin from micromonospora purpurea 

Toxins (for toxoid production)
Tetanus toxin from clostridium tetani

Question 16

What do plants provide for pharmacology

Answer 16

Active ingredients such as:
Alkaloids
Glycosides
Gums
Tannins (2 ns= non nitrogenous)
Fixed oils
Volatile (ethereal) oils (evaporate)
Resins

Question 17

What are alkaloids

Answer 17

Compounds containing basic nitrogen atoms, insoluble in water, but the salts are soluble. Bitter taste, can be precipitated by acids. All of the “ine “ suffixes

Atropine
Scopolamine
Morphine
Yohimbine

Question 18

What are glycosides

Answer 18

Sugars combined with other organic structures. (Aglycone or genin)

Digoxin
Digitoxin
Ouabain

Question 19

What are gums

Answer 19

Polysaccharides excreted by certain trees.
Acacia gum from acacia sp.
Tragacanth from astralagus sp.

Question 20

What are tannins. No this isn’t slang for what you do at the beach!

Answer 20

(Non nitrogenous- tested over in vet prep).

Poly phenols that produce astringent effect (precipitate proteins).
-the component that dries the mouth in red wines

Question 21

What are fixed oils

Answer 21

Oils that will NOT evaporate when exposed to air!
Cotton seed oil
Castor oil
Linseed oil

Question 22

What are volatile (ethereal) oils

Answer 22

Oils that WILL evaporate when exposed to air.
Resins are formed by polymerization of volatile oils.

Peppermint oil
Turpentine oil
Oil of Clove

Question 23

How are resins formed

Answer 23

Polymerization of volatile oils

Question 24

What animal products are used in pharmacology

Answer 24

Blood
Plasma
Hormones
Toxins
Other

Question 25

What are semisynthetic drugs

Answer 25

Drugs from natural sources but undergo chemical treatment.

Amoxicillin
Ampicillin
Apomorphine

Question 26

What are synthetic drugs

Answer 26

Compounds completely manufactured in the lab - breaking bad meth its in the ppt.

Sulfonamides
Fentanyl
Furosemide
Acepromazine