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Pharmacology RUSVMCC > Drug Disposition > Flashcards

Drug Disposition Flashcards

1
Q

What is passive diffusion?

A

Movement from a high concentration gradient to an area of low concentration.

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2
Q

What are the two types of simple passive diffusion?

A

Paracellular and transmembrane

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3
Q

What is paracellular movement?

A

Diffusion through intercellular aqueous channels and specialized intercellular junctions.

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4
Q

What is transmembrane movement?

A

Diffusion through lipid membranes and aqueous protein channels in the cell membrane. “Bulk flow movement” due to osmotic or hydrostatic differences.

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5
Q

The more hydrophobic or lipophilic the _____ the movement across a membrane.

A

Faster

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6
Q

What is the lipid/water partition coefficient?

A

The relative solubility of a drug as compared to its solubility in water

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7
Q

The _____ the lipid solubility, the _____ it crosses cell membranes.

A

Two possible answers
1 higher, faster
2 lower, slower

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8
Q

What is diffusion coefficient?

A

A measure of the diffusion all mobility of a particular molecule.
Depends on
Molecular size, molecular conformation, degree of ionization

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9
Q

Is energy required for passive transport?

A

No, transport is accomplished by movement from high to low concentration.

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10
Q

What is carrier mediated diffusion?

A

Transfer of substance across the membrane requires attachment to s specific macromolecular “carrier”

May or may not be specific

THIS SYSTEM IS SATURABLE
(100 students 1 door, as opposed to 5 students and 5 doors)

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11
Q

What is channel mediated transport?

A

Transport across a membrane facilitated by opening of ion channel proteins.

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12
Q

What is drug disposition?

A

The study of the movement of drugs across biological membranes in the body from the time of absorption until elimination.

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13
Q

What do you know about active transport?

A

Carrier mediated transport
Saturable, selective
Movement against concentration gradient
REQUIRES ENERGY

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14
Q

What’s the deal with primary active transport?

A

Direct usage of ATP to facilitate transport (nak atpase) (it’s back)

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15
Q

What is secondary active transport?

A

Secondary is indirect usage of ATP, primary will pump ions in and out of the cell to create a gradient. This gradient allows for SECONDARY active (using the energy of the ion gradient) to move substances in or out of cells.

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16
Q

What’s a symporter?

A

Both substances go the same direction through the membrane transport protein both in or both out.
Ex Na GLU transport in kidneys.

17
Q

Once upon a midnight studying session the anxious caffeine addicted vet student stumbled upon an antiporter and found that it was unique in which ways?

A

One or more substances is going into the cell while one or more substances are leaving the cell. IN THE SAME TRANSPORT PROTEIN!

18
Q

Drug efflux is what? Where is an important place it’s found, and why can collies not have ivermectin?

A

P-gp - permeability glycoprotein system. BOUNCERS of the cell, too many hooligans and this glycoprotein throws them out of the cell.

19
Q

Pinocytosis, it’s in the piña colada family…

A

A type of endocytosis
Drug binds to the surface of the membrane
Membrane then surrounds and invaginates the drug
Brings drug inside the cell
Ex. Taking a shot of alcohol
Ex. Aminoglycosides in Renal tubular cells

20
Q

True/false

Membranes are more permeable to non ionized drugs than ionized drugs?

A

True

21
Q

What is the concentration percentage of a drug that is ionized when the ph of the medium is the drugs pka?

A

50% if you have trouble with this concept don’t wait find someone who can help (vet peepers, tas, tutors, professor)

22
Q

What environment ionizes acidic drugs

A

Basic

23
Q

What type of environment ionizes basic drugs

A

Acidic

24
Q

Drug with high ionization in acidic medium

A

Weak base

25
Q

Drug with high ionization in alkaline medium

A

Weak acid

26
Q

Anti logs yay!

-3=?

A

0.001 or 1/1000

27
Q

Antilog

-2=?

A

.01 or 1/100

28
Q

Antilog

-1=?

A

.1 or 1/10

29
Q

Antilog

1=?

A

10 or 10/1

30
Q

Antilog

0=

A

1

31
Q

Antilog

2=

A

100 or 100/1

32
Q

Antilog

3=

A

1000 or 1000/1

33
Q

What is the formula for the pKa of weak acid drug

A

Pka= pH+log (n/I)

34
Q

What is the pka equation for a weak basic drug

A

Pka=pH+log (I/N)

Pharmacology RUSVMCC (3 decks)

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