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Anesthesiology > Intro (E1) > Flashcards

Intro (E1) Flashcards

1
Q

Define anesthesia and analgesia

A

Anesthesia: loss of sensation to all or part of the body
Analgesia: without pain

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2
Q

What is pain?

A

Conscious perception of a noxious stimulus

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3
Q

What is general anesthesia?

A

Animal is unconscious and unaware of surroundings

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4
Q

What is analgesia or local anesthesia?

A

Animal shows diminished or no perception of pain

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5
Q

What are the requirements for general anesthesia?

A

Temporary/reversible state of drug intoxication of the CNS, where the patient neither perceives or recalls the painful stimulus

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6
Q

What are the fasting requirements for dogs and cats?

A

6-12 hours

4 hours for young animals

Free water

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7
Q

What are the fasting req for equine?

A

6-12 hour fast

Free access to water

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8
Q

What are the fasting req for ruminants?

A

24-48 hour fast

12-24 for water

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9
Q

What are the fasting req for goats/sheep?

A

12-24 hour fast

Free acess to water

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10
Q

What are the steps of anesthesia?

A 
Pre-anesthetic eval 
Premedication period 
induction of anesthesia 
Maintenance 
Recovery 
Post-anesthetic period
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11
Q

What is the minimum patient database you should collect?

A

Signalment, history, physical exam, and lab and diagnostic tests

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12
Q

What are some things to identify as part of signalment?

A

Species, breed, age, neuter status, sex, temperment, weight

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13
Q

As part of your anesthetic pre-evaluation you should evaluate all body systems, but focus specifically on what ones/

A

Cardiovascular
Respiratory
CNS
Liver and kidney

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14
Q

What are the grades of physical status for anesthesia?

A

1: healthy no disease (spay/neuter)
2: healthy, localized or mild systemic disease (patellar luxation)
3: moderate systemic disease (murmur, anemia)
4: severe systemic disease, life threatening (heart, liver failure)
5: Moribund, not expected to live >24 hours

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15
Q

What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of premedication sedation and analgesia?

A

(+): decreased patient and staff stress, decreased induction and inhalant doses
(-): bradycardia, hypotension, and excitement/dysphoria

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16
Q

What drugs can be used as a premed sedative in dogs?

A

Acepromazine
Dexmedetomidine
Midazolam/Diazepam

17
Q

What drugs cna be used as a premed sedative in cats?

A

Dexmedetomidine + opioid

And can add or not Ketamine or Telozol

18
Q

What drugs can be used as a premedication sedative in horses?

A

Alpha-2 agonist (Xylazine / detomidine)

NSAIDs

19
Q

Premed drugs in cattle, goats, and sheep

A

Cattle: may or may not need. can use Xylazine or Butorphanol
Goats & Sheep: butorphanol +/- benzo
Xylazine only in healthy patients (Hypoxia)

20
Q

A dog with no presenting issue comes into your clinic for a routine spay procedure. You would classify this bitch as Physical status _____

A

Condition 1

she is the definition of conditon 1

21
Q

Upon presurgical PE, for a dog with a foreign body GI obstruction, you discover that the dog is anemic and has a grade 3 heart murmur. You then classify him as a Physical Status _____

A

Condition 3

moderate dz- heart murmur/anemia

22
Q

An older dog presenting with severe systemic disease either heart or liver failure would be classified as Physical Status ____

A

Condition 4

23
Q

T/F

One of the main disadvantages with administering alpha 2 agonists or opoids as a premediaction for anesthesia is the increased risk of tachycardia

A

FALSE

These drugs increase the risk of bradycardia

24
Q

T/F

One of the main disadvantages with administering acepromazine as a premediaction for anesthesia is the increased risk of hypotension

A

TRUE

25
Q

Increased excitement or dysphoria, is a rsik associated with administration of ____ as a premedication for anesthesia

A

Benzodiazapine

26
Q

Cats are usually administered a combination of _____ and one of 2 opoids. What are the 2 common opioids?

A

dexmedetomidine

butorphanol or hydromorphine

27
Q

What are the 3 common drugs used to induce dos?

A

KAP

ketamine

alfaxalone

propofol

28
Q

What are the 3 common drugs used to induce horses?

A

ketamine/benzodiazepine

and/or

guafensain

29
Q

What are the 3 common drugs used to induce cattle?

A

triple drip of GG + xylazine + ketamine.

Anesthesiology (13 decks)

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