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Myco > Intro (cy) > Flashcards

Intro (cy) Flashcards

1
Q

Study of fungi

A

Mycology

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2
Q

First to appear than bacteria and viruses.

A

Fungi

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3
Q

Fungal infections also known as

A

Mycoses

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4
Q

Caused by certain yeasts, molds, and
dimorphic fungi

A

Fungal infection or mycoses

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5
Q

was classified as a nationally
notifiable infectious disease

A

Coccidioidomycosis

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6
Q

Coccidioidomycosis caused by

A

Coccidioides immitis

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7
Q

Protect cells from osmotic shock, determine cell shapes, and have components that are antigenic.

A

Cell wall

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8
Q

Composed primarily of complex carbohydrates

A

Chitin, glucans, mannose

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9
Q

Cell wall glucan
(not found in humans) = antifungal target of the
echinocandins like

A

Caspofungin

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10
Q

Dominant fungal membrane sterol (rather than
cholesterol)

A

Ergosterol

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11
Q

Fungi grow in two basic forms

A

Yeast and mold

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12
Q

Simplest type of fungus

A

Yeast

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13
Q

Unicellular budding yeast, round to oval shaped

A

Yeast

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14
Q

produced by budding
Budding called

A

Yeast
Blastoconidia

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15
Q

Elongation of the cell

A

Mold

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16
Q

Produces a tubular, thread-like structure called

A

Hypae

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17
Q

Cross walls of hyphae and occur in the hyphae of the
great majority of the disease-causing fungi

A

Septate

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18
Q

Lack regularly occurring cross wall

A

Nonseptate

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19
Q

quite variable in width with broad branching angles

A

Coenocytic

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20
Q

Hyphae with sausage-like constrictions at septations.

A

Pseudohypae

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21
Q

Cause of fungal infection

A

Yeast, mold and dimorphic fungi

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22
Q

infected by the secretions of the fungi from the environment resulting to being poisoned

A

mycotoxicosis

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23
Q

fungi that goes inside the body and can be used if as a culture media

A

Mycoses

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24
Q

Yeast grows on what temperature

A

Body temperature (35-37c)

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25
Q

Mold grow on what temperature

A

Room temperature (25-27c)

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26
Q

Ergosterol target by

A

Imidazole, triazoles and polyenes antifungal

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27
Q

Look like rice and check for the presence of blastoconida

A

Yeast

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28
Q

What fungi that checks the pigmentation after staining

A

Mold

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29
Q

Types of pigmentation (mold)

A

Hyaline (moniliaceous)
Phacoid (dematiaceous)

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30
Q

Mold Pigmentation that has no color or translucent

A

Hyaline (moniliaceous)

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31
Q

Mold Pigmentation that has gray, brown or black

A

Phacoid (dematiaceous)

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32
Q

Non septate also known as

A

Sparsely septated

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33
Q

What is called in rectangular/ barrel-shaped cell

A

Arthroconidium hypae

34
Q

Whta is called in isolated cells in arthroconidium hypae

A

Disjunction cell

35
Q

Example given in pseudohyapae

A

Candida albicans

36
Q

Capable of converting from a yeast or yeast-like to
form to a filamentous form and vice vers

A

Thermally dimorphic fungi

37
Q

Diagnostic form of thermally dimorphic fungi

A

Yeast

38
Q

Thermally dimorphic fungi Include the major pathogens:

A

Blastomyces
Histoplasma
Coccidioides
Sporothrix in the United States
Paracoccidioides in South and Central America.

39
Q

Tangled mass of hyphae.

A

Mycelium

40
Q

Form mycelia are called

A

Mold or filamentous fungi

41
Q

Hair-like projection

A

Mycelium

42
Q

What is called root system of fungi that absorbs nutrients from environment other than medium

A

vegetative mycelium

43
Q

What is called upper part of fungi that is for reproduction

A

Aerial mycelium

44
Q

Formed either asexually or by a sexual process
involving nuclear fusion and then meiosis.

A

Fungal spores

45
Q

asexual spores of filamentous fungi
(molds) or mushrooms.

A

Conidia

46
Q

What is called new yeast “buds”

A

Blastoconidia

47
Q

What is called conidia formed by laying down joints
in hyphae followed by fragmentation of the hyphal
strand.

A

Arthroconidia

48
Q

What live on dead organic material

A

Saprobes

49
Q

live in harmony on
humans, deriving their nutrition from compounds on
body surfaces.

A

Commensal colonizers

50
Q

infect the healthy but cause more
severe disease in the compromised hosts. The
damage to living cells provides nutrition.

A

Pathogens

51
Q

Produce their own food by means of chlorophyll
possessed by them.
.

A

Algae

52
Q

It is a spore that is formed by fusion of cells and meiosis
as in all forms of higher life.

A

Sexual spore

53
Q

Morphological class
- Round, oval or elongated
- Unicellular fungi
- Most by asexual process = budding/some by fission

A

Yeasts

54
Q

Morphological class: fungi example

A

Crytococcus neoformans

55
Q

Morphological class
- Grow partly as yeast and partly as elongated cells
resembling hyphae = pseudomycelium

A

Yeast like fungi

56
Q

Morphological class: yeast like fungi example

A

Candida albicans

57
Q

Morphological class
- Form true mycelia and reproduce by the formation of different types of spores.

A

Mold and filamentous fungi

58
Q

Morphological class: mold or filamentous fungi example

A

Mucor
Rhizopus
Penicillium

59
Q

Morphological class
- Pathogenic to man
- Yeast form in the host tissue and in vitro at 37C on
enriched media
- Hyphal (mycelial) form in vitro at 25C.

A

Dimorphic fungi

60
Q

Morphological class: dimorphic fungi example

A

Penicillium merneffei
Blastomyces dermatitidis

61
Q

Systemic class
Example: Rhizopus, absidia, mucor, Pilobolus

A

Zygomycetes

62
Q

Systematic class: zygomycetes/mucormycetes example

A

Rhizopus
Mucor

63
Q

Systematic class

  • Include both yeats and filamentous fungi
A

Ascomycetes

64
Q

Systematic class: ascomycetes example

A

Penicillium
Yeast

65
Q

Systematic class
Example: mushrooms, Filobasidiella neoformans

A

Basidiomycetes

66
Q

Systematic fungi: basidiomycetes

A

Mushroom
Fusarium

67
Q

Systematic class

  • Most fungi of medical importance belong to this class.
A

Deuteromycetes

68
Q

Systematic class: deuteromycetes example

A

Coccidioides immitis
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Candida albicans

69
Q

is formed by fusion of cells and meiosis
as in all forms of higher life.

A

Sexual spores

70
Q

4 types sexual spores

A

Oospores
Zygospore
Ascospore
Basidiospore

71
Q

formed by budding from parent cell, as
in yeasts

A

Blastospores

72
Q

formed by the production of cross
septa into hyphae resulting in rectangular thick-walled
spores.

A

Arthrospores

73
Q

thick walled resting spored
developed by rounding up and thickening of hyphal
segments.

A

Chlamydospore

74
Q

spores borne externally on sides or
tips of hyphae are called conidiophores or simply
conidia.

A

Conidiospore

75
Q

formed within the sporangium.
They develop on the ends of hyphae.

A

Sporangiospore

76
Q

Sporangiospore formed within the.

A

sporangium

77
Q

small and single, these are called
__________ (unicellular). According to aerial spore

A

microconidia

78
Q

large and septate conidia and are
often multicellular.

A

Macroconidia

79
Q

form of the fungus producing sexual
spores

A

Teleomorph

80
Q

form producing asexual spores

A

Anamorph

81
Q

self-fertile is called

A

Homothallic

82
Q

mating types is called

A

Heterothallic

Myco (9 decks)

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