intro class

Question 1

shogun

Answer 1

ruler of Japan, DIFFERENT from emperor
-more of a political leader than a figurehead

Question 2

shogunate

Answer 2

the type of government where a shogun is the ruler

Question 3

culture during the first shogunate

Answer 3

-confucianism became more important
-samurai
-arts and literature continued to flourish

Question 4

samurai(general term)

Answer 4

-acted on loyalty, duty, courage, honor
-needed to practice arts and literature

Question 5

era of the warring states

Answer 5

-(1467-1568)
-“sengoku jidai”
-more than 200 daimyo, all wanting to rule Japan
-constant warfare between provinces and rulers
-ends with the reign of Oda Nobunaga as shogun
-unprecedented exposure to Western technology and ideas
–guns
–encroachments of western powers

Question 6

daimyo

Answer 6

-ruler of a domain/ province
-almost like a mini shogun, but ultimately answered to the shogun

Question 7

three great unifiers

Answer 7

Oda Nobunaga
-reigned from 1568-1582
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
-reigned from 1582-1598
Tokugawa Ieyasu
-reigned from 1600-1605
-technically reigned from 1603-1605

Question 8

oda nobunaga

Answer 8

-reigned from 1568-1582
-most ruthless of the great unifiers
-reduced power of buddhist monks by reducing their power and influence in politics and government
-used land surveys to charge people more if they live on productive land

Question 9

toyotomi hideyoshi

Answer 9

-reigned from 1582-1598
-could not become shogun because of peasant status, but emperor gave him a special title
-made land surveys more thorough by taxing farmers based on whether their land had the potential to be productive
-changed taxes from coins to rice
-implemented the great sword hunt of 1588

Question 10

ways in which Toyotomi Hideyoshi changed society

Answer 10

-disarmed the populace (except for the samurai)
-began solidifying class system by separating farmers from samurai
-changed taxes from coins to rice, which was done because rice keeps/ has the same value and the biggest commodity until the 1800s

Question 11

battle of sekigahara

Answer 11

-1600
-Tokugawa Ieyasu wins and becomes the third great unifier
-Hideyoshi’s death opens up a power vacuum
-Battle between Tokugawa Ieyasu’s forces and those loyal to his son retreat to Osaka (?) and others who wanted power fight
-few thousand died
-Ieyasu won because he had thousands of guns, acquired through traders who arrived with missionaries in 1543
-5 generals battling it out for power

Question 12

era of the three great unifiers (summary)

Answer 12

-(1568-1600)
-each unifier built on the success of the previous
-castle towns formed
-samurai became separated from the land
-Japan became unified due to mass culture which was identified around the whole country