Intro Chemistry Flashcards
What is the molecular formula for water
H2O
What elements make up water?
Oxygen and hydrogen
What is a structural formula?
A physical representation of the molecule in space
What color is carbon when making a model?
Black
What color is nitrogen when making a model
Red
What color is oxygen when making a model?
Blue
What color is hydrogen when making a model?
White
What is the electron bond when making a model?
A plastic white tube
What does the atomic number represent
of protons in an atom
What is the atomic mass?
Sum of the # of protons and # of neutrons
When atoms of the same element have different numbers of neutrons they are called _______, and they affect the mass of an atom
Isotopes
Outermost electrons are called?
Valence electrons
Orbitals closest to the nucleus have the _______energy
Lowest
Orbitals farthest away from the nucleus have the ______ energy
Highest
What is the amino acid?
The basic structural unit of all proteins
What are all names of sugars
The ones that end in -ose
What are all names of proteins
The ones that end in -ine
How do you make lactose?
By joining glucose and galactose together
What are the 7 essential elements that make up 99.9% of life on earth? 6 elements and one more for humans
Chops + calcium
Carbon(C),hydrogen(H),oxygen(O) ,phosphorus(P), sulfur(S) and calcium(CA)
What are the 4 basic forms of matter?
Plasma, solid, liquid, has
What is the fundamental unit of matter?
Atoms
What is important in bonding?
Electrons
What are the three sub atomic particles
Protons, neutrons, electrons
Where are neutrons found?
In the nucleus of an atom
Where are protons found?
In the nucleus of an atom
Where are electrons found
Outside the nucleus. Live in orbits or clouds
Give an example of an element…
H hydrogen
How many naturally occurring elements are on earth
92
What are the four types of macromolecules?
Carbohydrates, fats/lipids, proteins, nucleic acid (RNA, DNA…)
How many man made elements are there on earth
15
Which is older, eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
Prokaryotic
Define eukaryotic
Has a nucleus
Define prokaryotic
Has no nucleus
What are the 4 major types of tissues?
Nerve, muscle, epithelial, connective
What are the two types of organisms
Invertebrate and vertebrae
What are the 6 kingdoms?
Archaebacteria, eubacteria, Protista, fungi, plants, animals
Which kingdoms from the 6 are prokaryotic
Archaebacteria and eubacteria
What is the nonliving environment in ecosystems?
Soil, water, temperature, humidity, light
What is homeostasis for organisms memorize completely
Dynamic maintenance of a steady internal state produced by physiological systems
