Chemistry

Question 1

What elements make up water?

Answer 1

Hydrogen and oxygen

Question 2

In H2O What does the subscript 2 following the H represent?

Answer 2

The number of hydrogen in a molecule

Question 3

Why doesn’t the O have a subscript?

Answer 3

Only one oxygen

Question 4

How many molecules of water are represented by the formula H2O?

Answer 4

One

Question 5

A formula giving the number of atoms of each of the elements present in one molecule of a specific compound

Answer 5

molecular formula

Question 6

What is the molecular formula of water?

Answer 6

H2O

Question 7

A physical representation of the molecule in space

Answer 7

Structural formula

Question 8

What do the lines between O and H represent?

Answer 8

Chemical bonds

Question 9

Molecules of monosaccharides have the same molecular formula

Answer 9

Isomerism

Question 10

_____+______= double sugar/ disaccharide

Answer 10

Two monosaccharides

Question 11

Explain why chemists refer to the joining of monosaccharide molecules to form a disaccharide as a dehydration synthesis reaction

Answer 11

When the monosaccharides join together water is released, and a disaccharide is being created. Created=synthesis No water= dehydration

Question 12

What are the four major groups of organic molecules found in living organisms?

Answer 12

Carbohydrates, fats, protein, nucleic acids

Question 13

What is the amino acid?

Answer 13

The basic structural unit of all proteins

Question 14

How many different amino acids are there known to exist?

Answer 14

20

Question 15

What type of molecule is needed to form protein molecules?

Answer 15

amino acids

Question 16

How do amino acid molecules differ from fatty acid molecules?

Answer 16

Fatty acids don’t have nitrogen (do not have an amino group)

Question 17

A protein consisting of four amino acids undergoes hydrolysis. How many water molecules must be broken down and reattached to amino acid molecules during this process?

Answer 17

3 (always one less than the amount of amino acids)

Question 18

What do all organic compounds contain?and what is the one exception?

Answer 18

Carbon. Carbon dioxide

Question 19

In order to split amino dipeptides, polysaccharides, and triglycerides (fats) into smaller units ______has to be added. This process of splitting large molecules into smaller units is called_____.

Answer 19

Water . Hydrolysis

Question 20

Compounds ending with the suffix “ose” such as maltose, fructose, sucrose, are what types of macromolecules?

Answer 20

Carbohydrates

Question 21

Adenin, guanine, cytosine, ukacil, and thymine help make up what macromolecules?

Answer 21

DNA & RNA

Question 22

Adenin, guanine, cytosine, ukacil, and thymine belong to what group of macromolecules?

Answer 22

Nucleic acids

Question 23

How many fatty acids combine with a molecule of glycerol to form a triglyceride?

Answer 23

3

Question 24

What is the storage form of sugar found in humans?

Answer 24

Glycogen

Question 25

Forming a dipeptide between 2 amino acids is an example of....?

Answer 25

Dehydration synthesis

Question 26

Explain the difference between dehydration and hydrolysis

Answer 26

In dehydration H2O (water) is removed to create a larger molecule In hydrolysis H2O (water) is being added to separate a molecule into 2 (smaller)

Question 27

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

Answer 27

Saturated is solid a room temperature | Unsaturated is liquid at room temperature

Question 28

Identify the amino group and acid group: H2N OllClOH ( the l is a bond)

Answer 28

Amino= H2N | Acid group= OllClOH

Question 29

``` Which of the following statements is true about the bond formed between two atoms of carbon? A). It involves the sharing of protons B). It involved the Sharing of electrons C). It involves the sharing of neutrons D). It contains ATP E). It cannot be broken ```

Answer 29

B). It involves the sharing of electrons

Question 30

Describe glucose..

Answer 30

A six sided monosaccharide

Question 31

What does isomerom mean

Answer 31

Same molecular formula different structure 3D

Question 32

What is a sugar humans cannot digest?

Answer 32

Cellulose

Question 33

What is the structural sugar for plants?

Answer 33

Cellulose

Question 34

What is the structural sugar for animals?

Answer 34

Chitin

Question 35

What is how mammals store sugar?

Answer 35

Glycogen

Question 36

What is how plants store sugar?

Answer 36

Starch

Question 37

What gives away whether something is a protein or not?

Answer 37

Has nitrogen

Question 38

What gives away whether something is sugar or not?

Answer 38

The ratio of H to O is always 2/1

Question 39

What gives away whether something is a fat?

Answer 39

Has no nitrogen and is only made up of carbon hydrogen and oxygen

Question 40

What is COOH?

Answer 40

Amino acid

Question 41

What happens when you add water?

Answer 41

Take molecules apart

Question 42

What happens when you remove water?

Answer 42

Join molecules together

Question 43

What do all enzymes end in?

Answer 43

-se

Question 44

What do enzymes do?

Answer 44

Speed up chemical reactions

Question 45

How do you figure out the number of neutrons in an atom?

Answer 45

Atomic mass-atomic number= # of neutrons in an atom

Question 46

What is meant by valence electrons?

Answer 46

The outer most shell of electrons

Question 47

What sub atomic particle is most important in the bonding of atoms

Answer 47

Electrons

Question 48

What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?

Answer 48

Ionic is the taking and giving of an electron. | Covalent is the sharing of electrons

Question 49

what happens to the overall charge of an atom when it loses an electron?

Answer 49

It's overall charge becomes more positive by one

Question 50

Explain the octect rule

Answer 50

atoms of main-group elements combine in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell

Question 51

What level of organization represents the basic unit of life?

Answer 51

Cells

Question 52

What can you learn from the atomic number and the atomic mass of an atom?

Answer 52

You can get the number of protons and find the number of neutrons

Question 53

What is the difference between polar covalent bonds and nonpolar covalent bonds?

Answer 53

Polar is uneven bonding because oxygen is pulling the electrons towards it

Question 54

what are the properties that allow the water skeeter to literally walk on water?

Answer 54

Cohesion

Question 55

how many electrons can be found in the seventh energy level?

Answer 55

98

Question 56

What is cohesion

Answer 56

When water is attracted to water. Allows water to stay together

Question 57

What is adhesion?

Answer 57

Allows water to travel

Question 58

What is an acid?

Answer 58

Increases the hydrogen ion

Question 59

What is a base?

Answer 59

Reduces the hydrogen ion

Question 60

What are uphill reactions?

Answer 60

Building

Question 61

What are downhill reactions?

Answer 61

Digesting

Question 62

Give examples of disaccharides..

Answer 62

Sucrose. Lactose. Maltose.

Question 63

Give examples of polysaccharides..

Answer 63

Starch. Glycogen. Cellulose

Question 64

What are the three types of nucleic acids?

Answer 64

DNA RNA ATP

Question 65

In RNA what combines with what?

Answer 65

A and U

Question 66

What is ATP made up of?

Answer 66

Adenine and Ribose

Question 67

Lipids are not ______but long chains of _______.

Answer 67

Polymers. Hydrocarbons

Question 68

What are polypeptides?

Answer 68

Polymers of amino acids

Question 69

What are the nucleotides in nucleic acid?

Answer 69

A adenine T thymine U uracil C cytosine and G guanine

Question 70

What is ATP

Answer 70

High energy molecule used by cells to do work