Intro and Swine Lab

Question 1

What is critical to do before showing up at a swine facility?

Answer 1

Biosecurity: Eating level clean boots and coveralls

Question 2

What does it mean if a boar is salivating?

Answer 2

Phermones, females in heat, chomp

Question 3

What should you always remember about intact males?

Answer 3

Never trust them

Question 4

What should you do to males teeth?

Answer 4

Keep the tusks trimmed

Question 5

What should you always take into consideration when working around a mama sow?

Answer 5

She is protective, don’t separate her babies

Question 6

What do you use to move swine?

Answer 6

Pig board - keep between you and the animal

Question 7

How do you restrain swine?

Answer 7

Pig board, pick up with 2 hands on back legs or scoop up under the body (<40lbs)
Danish hog Holder or Snare

Question 8

How do you get blood from a sow?

Answer 8

1. Restrain with a snare
2. Hold still in corner
3. Use a needle (4 inch spinal) and syringe or a vacutainer (20G 1.5inch) and put in perpendicular at the jug
   (If using the spinal needle only go on the right side of the pig as to not hit the phrenic nerve and paralyze the diaphragm)

Question 9

How do you place a snare and where should it go?

Answer 9

Add feed to the end, slip over the nose and all the way back to the commissar of the mouth, then push down the handle and pull up to your chest and hold up

Question 10

When taking blood, how should the pig be standing?

Answer 10

Square

Question 11

Should you use a snare in potbelly pigs?

Answer 11

You can but need to ask owner first. Sedate if cant snare

Question 12

What size needles are appropriate in pigs?

Answer 12

16-18G for adult
20G for piglet

Question 13

Do you aspirate in swine medicine?

Answer 13

no

Question 14

What is the proper injection site for swine?

Answer 14

Just behind and below the ear (in front of shoulder, below nuchal ligament and above cervical vertebrae)

Or SQ flank fold

Question 15

What size and length needle for the following?

Answer 15

IM:
Sow: 14-16G 1.5inch
Baby 18-20G .5 inch

SQ:
Same G
Sow 1inch
Baby: .5 inch

Question 16

Where can blood be taken from a pig?

Answer 16

Ear vein (small), jugular or anterior vena cava

Question 17

What can you do with an ear vein?

Answer 17

Sedative, small blood draw (6-10ml)

Question 18

How do you take blood from an ear vein?

Answer 18

Use rubber bands and a hemostat to get vein to stand up, then use a butterfly catheter and insert it into the vein by folding the ear over (bevil up)

Question 19

How much air is in the catheter line?

Answer 19

0.5ml

Question 20

Where do you insert the needle for a jugular stick?

Answer 20

find midway between the thoracic inlet and the head, ID the trachea then find the jugular groove off to the side and insert the needle at a 90 degree angle

Question 21

Where do you insert the needle for a cranial vena cava stick

Answer 21

Find the divot in the neck close to the thoracic inlet. Then point the needle to the opposite shoulder

Question 22

Which ear has the litter number?

Answer 22

Right ear

Question 23

Which ear has the individual number?

Answer 23

Left ear

Question 24

Where does the numbering start on the ear?

Answer 24

Bottom most lateral part then goes to the top of the ear and around to the middle (1,3,9 and 27) 81 on tip

Question 25

What are the normal vital parameters of swine?

Answer 25

T: 101-103.3
P: 70-90bpm
R: 25-40bpm (13-18 (Sow) (50-60 newborn))

Question 26

How do you tell the hydration status of a pig?

Answer 26

Pinch under the eye

Question 27

What is the pigs body condition on a scale of?

Answer 27

1-5

Question 28

Where do you place the probe when ultra sounding a sow?

Answer 28

Transabdominal, in the inguinal region ish and a little forward

Question 29

When can you ultrasound a pig?

Answer 29

28 days (very early) - can’t call pregnant just on fluid
-Cant count how many
-Only need to check once in gestation (35 days good)