Intro and Microscopy/ Staining

Question 1

Antoni van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 1

made and used simple microscopes, recognized microorganisms

Question 2

Carolus Linnaeus

Answer 2

developed Taxonomy: classification

Question 3

Louis Pasteur

Answer 3

Spontaneous generation did not occur
germ theory, fermentation
3 ways to get rid or microorganisms: filter, heat, expose to chemicals

Question 4

Robert Koch

Answer 4

originated use of petri dish and using agar
link certain organisms with disease

Question 5

Christian Gram

Answer 5

developed gram stain

Question 6

Ignaz Semmelweis

Answer 6

noticed death rates were higher in maternity wards staffed by med students than by midwives

Question 7

Joseph Lister

Answer 7

father of modern asepsis

Question 8

Florence Nightingale

Answer 8

cleanliness in nursing and public health

Question 9

John Snow

Answer 9

public hygiene and infection control

Question 10

Edward Jenner

Answer 10

immunology, made incisions with cowpox to prevent smallpox

Question 11

Paul Ehrlich

Answer 11

differential staining of blood cells
chemotherapy, defined cell types

Question 12

Taxonomy

Answer 12

hierarchical scheme for the classification, identification, and nomenclature of organisms

Question 13

Taxa

Answer 13

categories organisms are grouped into based on features

Question 14

Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes

Answer 14

P: bacteria, archaea
E: Fungi, protozoa, algae

Question 15

Viruses

Answer 15

Acellular, cannot reproduce, cannot make ATP, must take over host

Question 16

Binomial scientific names

Answer 16

Genus- CAPITALIZED
Species- lowercase
both underlined or italicized

Question 17

Microscope parts

Question 18

Parfocal

Answer 18

object viewed under low power should still be in view under high power

Question 19

How to determine total Mag.

Answer 19

magnification of lens x magnification of ocular lens

Question 20

Oil immersion function

Answer 20

more magnification

Question 21

Why do we heat fix slides?

Answer 21

kills organisms, adheres them to slide, alters organism so they can readily accept dyes

Question 22

Simple Stain

Answer 22

single positively charged dye

Question 23

Acid-fast stain

Answer 23

way to stain cells with mycolic acid in their cell walls

Question 24

Chemicals in a Gram stain

Answer 24

crystal violet
iodine
decolorization
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