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Eukaryotic Pathogens Flashcards

Exam 4

1
Q

How are Protozoa classified?

A

style of locomotion:
-flagella
-pseudopods
-cilia

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2
Q

How do Mastigophorans move?

A

-Have flagella

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3
Q

Trichonymptha

A

type of mastigophoran, symbiotic relationship
-lives in the gut of termites and helps digest cellulose

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4
Q

Trichomonas

A

type of mastigophoran, symbiotic relationship
lives in the human vagina, controlled by vaginal acidic environment. Thrive if pH becomes basic, can cause sterility.

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5
Q

Giardia Intestinalis

A

Type of mastigophoran, parasitize
feed off intestinal lining causing disease
-results from easting food/water that is contaminated (usually from feces)
-generates inflammation in large numbers.
-Chronic can cause malnourishment

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6
Q

Amebozoa

A

have pseudopods, eat and move by extending parts of their bodies.
-found in intestines w/out causing issues mostly

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7
Q

Entamoeba Histolytica

A

feeds on gut lining
contracted by by eating or drinking fecally contaminated food/water

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8
Q

Amoebic Dysetery

A

condition caused by Entamoeba histolytica irritation

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9
Q

Ciliates

A

have cilia to move

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10
Q

Balantidium Coli

A

only species of ciliate to parasitize humans
-colonizes large intestine to cause diarrhea

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11
Q

What is the common name of Naegleria fowleri?

A

the brain-eating amoeba

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12
Q

Where are amebo-flagellates found?

A

warm fresh water and soil

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13
Q

How many forms does Naegleria fowleri exist in nature?

A

3

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14
Q

Cyst

A

less than optimal conditions

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15
Q

Trophozoite (ameboid)

A

favorable conditions, feeding & reproductive form

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16
Q

Flagellate

A

tail that swims, cannot eat, revert back to trophozoites

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17
Q

How does Naegleria fowleri destroy brain tissue?

A

by trogocytosis (cell eating)
-attracted to nerve cell chemicals

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18
Q

Where does Apicomplexan’s name come from?

A

enzymes present in groups of organelles at tips of cells that digest their ways into host

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19
Q

Biological vector of Malaria

A

Anopheles mosquito

20
Q

What is Schizogony?

A

multiple nuclear divisions make multinucleate cell. when the cell divides too quickly it burst host cell.

21
Q

1st step in the Malarial life cycle:

A

Asexual phase: sporozoites enter a capillary thru saliva of mosquito

22
Q

2nd step in the Malarial life cycle:

A

Exoerythrocytic (liver) phase: invade the liver and develop merozoites

23
Q

3rd step in the Malarial life cycle:

A

Erythrocytic phase: merozoites in circulation enter RBC’s and form ringed trophozoite forms & undergoes schizogony

24
Q

4th step in the Malarial life cycle:

A

Fever phase: more merozoites are formed the burst out and infect more RBC’s

25
Q

5th step in the Malarial life cycle:

A

Gametocyte phase: gametocytes develop in some RBC and are ingested by mosquito

26
Q

6th step in the Malarial life cycle:

A

Sexual phase: feralization and sporozoite forms in mosquito

27
Q

Fungal cell wall composition?

A

have chitin (nitrogen containing polysaccharide) identical to insects external skeleton

28
Q

How do fungi get food?

A

take energy from other organisms alive or dead (heterotrophic)
-don’t ingest their food, digest outside their body by enzymes

29
Q

Examples of multicellular fungi:

30
Q

Examples of single-celled fungi:

31
Q

What causes Cutaneous Mycoses (Ringworm)?

A

group of fungi called Dermatophytes
in keratin layer and hair and nails from direct contact

32
Q

1.)Tinea Capitis, 2.)Tinea Barbae, 3.)Tinea Corporis, 4.)Tinea Cruis, 5.)Tinea Pedis, 6.) Tinea Manuum

A
  1. scalp
  2. beard
  3. body
  4. groin
  5. foot
  6. hand
33
Q

What causes Superficial Mycoses (sunspots)?
S&S

A

Malassezia Furfur
normal flora, feed on sebaceous glands
S&S: mild, chronic scaling, pigment production interference,

34
Q

Candida Auris

A

Yeast
-“emerging” pathogen in healthcare settings
-person-to-person transmission
-often misidentified, multidrug resistant, can tolerate high salt concentration, avoids neutrophil attacks,
-high mortality in blood infections

35
Q

Tapeworm Scolex

A

suckers and hooklets to attach to intestine

36
Q

Tapeworm Strobilia- proglottids

A

body, contain reporductive organs of both sex

37
Q

Enterobius vermicularis

38
Q

Trichinella spiralis

A

pork roundworm

39
Q

Ascaris lumbriocoides

A

common roundworm

40
Q

Ancylostoma duodenale

41
Q

Taenia species

A

beef and pork tapeworm

42
Q

Dipylidium species

A

dog tapeworms

43
Q

Diphyllobothrium species

A

fish tapeworms

44
Q

Plasmodium

45
Q

Entamoeba histolytica

A

amoebic dysentery

46
Q

Naegleria fowleri

A

“brain-eating amoeba”

Microbiology (7 decks)

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