Bacterial Urinary Tract Infections

Question 1

Pyelonephritis

Answer 1

Infection of the kidneys
-Strains of E. coli are most likely to cause it

Question 2

Cystitis

Answer 2

When urine flow is reduced or when bacteria is accidentally introduced into the bladder.

Question 3

Urethritis

Answer 3

An infection only in the urethra

Question 4

Bacteriuria

Answer 4

The presence of bacteria in urine,
>100,000 bacteria of one organism/ mL indicates a UTI.

Question 5

Pyuria

Answer 5

The presence of white blood cells in the urine.

Question 6

Dysuria

Answer 6

-Painful, burning urination
-Does not occur in those with nerve damage (diabetes, stroke, etc.)

Question 7

What is the most common bacteria causing UTI?

Answer 7

Fecal bacteria
-sexually active women are more at risk
-40% of women get UTI’s

Question 8

What are virulence factors that effect UTI’s?

Answer 8

-Flagella: propel bacteria
-Fimbriae: attach to bladder and urethra. Enhanced motility

Question 9

How does cranberry juice help prevent UTI’s?

Answer 9

-changes the shape of E. coli from rods to spheres
-changes E. coli cell membrane, making it difficult or the bacteria to make contact with cells and latching

Question 10

Hematuria

Answer 10

Bloody urine

Question 11

Bacteremia

Answer 11

The spread of bacteria into the blood from the urinary system.
-untreated kidney infections