Intro and Basic Concepts of AI CH1

Question 1

What is Human Intelligence?

Answer 1

• the ability to understand a language
• the ability to understand numbers
• the ability to understand abstract thinking

Question 2

What is an AI?

Answer 2

• artificial intelligence, designed to imitate the thinking, reasoning of a human mind

Question 3

Types of AI

Answer 3

BASED ON CAPABILITIES
1. Narrow AI
2. General
3. Super AI
BASED ON FUNCTIONALITIES
1. Reactive Machine
2. Limited Memory
3. Theory of Mind
4. Self-Awareness

Question 4

Types of AI based on CAPABILITIES

Answer 4

NARROW AI
- also known as weak AI, focuses on performing specific task, such as answering questions
GENERAL AI
- also known as strong AIA, can perform variety of functions and eventually teach itself to solve new problems
SUPER AI
- capable of surpassing human intelligence, manifesting cognitive skills and developing a thinking of its own.

Question 5

Types of AI (pyramid)

Answer 5

STAGE 1
- machine learning
- Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)
STAGE 2
- machine intelligence
- Artificial general Intelligence (AGI)
STAGE 3
- machine consciousness
- Artificial Superintelligence (ASI)

Question 6

Types of AI based on FUNCTIONALITIES

Answer 6

1. REACTIVE MACHINES
   - base their decisions and rely on algorithms
2. LIMITED MEMORY MACHINES
   - learn from historical data to make decisions such as SIRI and ALEXA
3. THEORY OF MIND MACHINES
   - a machine that can simultaneously evaluate its required and potential goals of entities in the same environment
4. SELF AWARENESS MACHINES
   - not yet exist
   - machine that have both self-awareness and consciousness

Question 7

Problems with AI

Answer 7

• humans are inconsistent, machines are not.
• human reasoning can’t be based on fixed calculus