intro + anatomy of lungs, blood supply and airways

Question 1

what does the upper respiratory tract contain?

Answer 1

sinus
nasal cavity
tonsil
pharynx
larynx

Question 2

what does the lower respiratory tract contain?

Answer 2

trachea
primary bronchi
lungs

Question 3

what does the epiglottis do?

Answer 3

leaf shaped cartilage that stops food from going down your windpipe as it moves down and covers the trachea when eating

Question 4

why are there more inhaled objects found stuck in the right bronchi?

Answer 4

The right bronchi is slightly more vertical and wider than the left

Question 5

what are type l pneumocytes?

Answer 5

Simple squamous epithelium (large thin cells) cover 97% of the alveolar surface and are vital for gas exchange. They are susceptible to toxic insults and cannot replicate itself.

Question 6

what are type ll pneumocytes?

Answer 6

Responsible for surfactant secretion.

Phospholipids and proteins decrease surface tension at the alveolar surface which reduces the work of breathing.

Smaller than type 1 pneumocytes but can replicate to replace any damaged type 1 pneumocytes.

Question 7

what are the 4 functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 7

Gas Exchange – produces energy

Acid-base balance – maintain and regulate body pH

Infection protection – cilia, mucous

Communication via speech

Question 8

what does the pulmonary circulation do?

Answer 8

delivers CO2 to the lungs and picks up O2

Carries blood to and from the lungs from the right side of the heart through the lungs to the left side of the heart.

Arteries carry low O2 and high CO2 Veins carry High O2 and low CO2

Question 9

what does the systemic circulation do?

Answer 9

Carries blood to and from body tissues except lungs

Carries blood from the left side of the heart through the body to the right side of the heart

Arteries carry High O2 and Low CO2

Veins carry Low O2 and High CO2