Intro+ Anatomy

Question 1

Towards the head

Answer 1

Superior (rostral)

Question 2

Towards the feet

Answer 2

Inferior (caudal)

Question 3

Towards the front

Answer 3

Anterior (ventral)

Question 4

Towards the back

Answer 4

Posterior (dorsal)

Question 5

Towards the middle

Answer 5

Medial

Question 6

Towards the side

Answer 6

Lateral

Question 7

Front plane

Answer 7

Coronal (frontal)

Question 8

Middle plane

Answer 8

Median (sagittal)

Question 9

Horizontal middle plane

Answer 9

Transverse

Question 10

Mid-clavicular line plane

Answer 10

Parasagittal

Question 11

Closer towards

Answer 11

Proximal

Question 12

Further away

Answer 12

Distal

Question 13

External layers of the heart (outermost to innermost)

Answer 13

Fibrous pericardium (connective tissue to protect+ hold position)
Parietal pericardium (Serous tissue lining fibrous pericardium facing pericardial space)
Visceral pericardium (Serous tissue between myocardium+ pericardial space)
Myocardium (thick layer of cardiac muscle cells)
Endocardium (one-cell thick layer, interface between heart+ blood)

Question 14

Valve between right atrium and right ventricle

Answer 14

Tricuspid valve (3 cusps)

Question 15

Valve between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk

Answer 15

Pulmonary valve (3 cusps)
Pulmonary trunk divides into right and left pulmonary arteries

Question 16

Valve between left atrium and left ventricle

Answer 16

Mitral (bicuspid valve) (2 cusps)

Question 17

Heartstrings name

Muscles attaching heartstrings to ventricle

Answer 17

Chordae tendineae

Papillary muscles

Question 18

Valve between LV and aortic arch

Answer 18

Aortic valve (3 cusps)

Question 19

Vessels going into RA

Answer 19

Superior and inferior vena cava

Question 20

Blood vessels layers (outermost to innermost)

Answer 20

Tunica externa (external elastic lamina)
Tunica media (internal elastic lamina)
Tunica intima

Question 21

Blood vessels from aorta to vena cava

Answer 21

Artery (carry blood)
Arteriole (control flow to capillaries)
Capillaries (exchange)
Venule
Vein (contain majority of blood)

Question 22

Coronary arteries

Where do they start?

Answer 22

Start just superior to the aortic valve
Right coronary artery (right cusp to right side of heart)
Left anterior descending (left cusp+ goes down)
Left circumflex (left cusp + goes around the back of the heart)
Right conus artery (branches from RCA)
LAD and LC start as one

Question 23

Coronary veins

Answer 23

Anterior interventricular vein (front side, between ventricles
Great cardiac vein (from AIV)
Anterior veins
Small cardiac vein
Right marginal vein
All the veins join into the coronary sinus right at the back and drains into the bottom of the right atrium
(see slide 18 lecture 1 for picture)

Question 24

Principal arterial vessels

Slide 19 lecture 1

Answer 24

-

Question 25

Principal venous vessels | Slide 20 lecture 1

Answer 25

Most veins coalesce into vena cava

Question 26

Mechanical pump to keep heart alive

Answer 26

Vena cava clamped Blood comes down aorta into coronary arteries+ veins+ sinus+ goes into RA RV pushes blood into pulmonary trunk into resevoir to be pumped again Vent in the LV to resevoir