Intro

Question 1

Twomey

Answer 1

Clinical decision making: combination of implicit and learned characteristics

Question 2

Wainwright

Answer 2

directive vs informative factors

Question 3

Sackett/Guyatt

Answer 3

Evidenced based practice, vs evidence informed practice

Question 4

EBP

Answer 4

Deduction: CDM based on studies designed to answer clinical questions, but diminishes clinical experience, patient values, anecdotal/empirical evidence

Question 5

EIP

Answer 5

induction, abdication, deduction, clustering

Question 6

Sackett: 3 legged stool

Answer 6

clinical experience, research, patient characteristics

Question 7

Pathways of thinking

Answer 7

Sackett

Question 8

Algorithms

Answer 8

step by step protocol, arboization: A+B=C

Question 9

Exhaustion

Answer 9

gathering all patient info before sifting through

Question 10

Hypothetico-deductive reasoning

Answer 10

forming a short lift of potential diagnoses and then performing tests to rule in or out based on subjective

Question 11

Pattern recognition

Answer 11

recognizing condition from past patient scenarios: quick, but can be wrong

Question 12

Sense making and small wins

Answer 12

breaking down complex problems into smaller parts to address individually

Question 13

Occam’s Razor

Answer 13

the simpler explanation, all things equal, is better than a more complex one.

Question 14

Cognitive Biases: clinical delusional

Answer 14

overconfident in your judgements

Question 15

Cognitive biases: sunk-cost effect

Answer 15

following a course of action after a lot of investment in it.

Question 16

Cognitive biases: recency effect

Answer 16

over emphasis on info most readily available to use of what we’ve seen most often lately

Question 17

Cognitive biases: confirmation bias

Answer 17

gathering and believing in info that confirms or existing views and not considering what challenges those views (most common)

Question 18

Cognitive biases: anchoring bias

Answer 18

allowing an initial reference point to distort our estimations

Question 19

Cognitive biases: illusory correlation

Answer 19

drawing a relationship between 2 variables that doesn’t exist

Question 20

cognitive biases: hindsight bias

Answer 20

looking at past outcomes as easily predictable when they were not easy to foresee. over crediting ourselves with an outcome

Question 21

Prognosis

Answer 21

Qualitative (options), Quantitative (probability), temporal (time)

Question 22

Likelihood ratio

Answer 22

tells us how the odds of having a disorder change with either a positive or negative test. Mathematically combines sensitivity and specificity of a test. Spin and Snout

Question 23

Fagan-Baye’s Theorem

Answer 23

Describes the probability of an event based on the conditions that might be related to that event - why clustering is important.