Intro Flashcards
the urinary system is composed of what four main components and their functions
- Kidneys- produce urine/ metabolic balance / produce hormones ( erythropoitin, renin, calcitrol)
- ureters- carry urine to bladder
- bladder- stores the urine produced
- urethra - delivers the urine for excretion
The renal artery, renal vein and ureter all leave the kidney through the indentation of the ___ of each kidney
Hilus
The internal kidney consists of what:
- cortex
- medulla ( pyramids
- minor calyces, major calyces
- renal pelvis
what is the main functional unit of the kidney
nephron
where are the nephrons located
renal cortex
renal medulla
the nephron consists of:
glomerulu - for blood filtration
- proximal convuluted tubule
- loop of hence
- distal convoluted tubule
T/F
proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle and distal convolutes tubule are for blood filtration
False
glomerulus is for blood filtration .. the rest is for reabsorption and secretion
Nephrons empty into ____ that run out to the minor calyx, major calyx , renal pelvis
collecting ducts
Name the 2 nephron types and their location
- cortical nephrons are mostly within the cortex, have short length of the loop of hence
- Juxtamedullary - extend deep into the medulla and ;have long loop of henle
____ % of the blood leaving the left ventricle of the heart enters the kidneys via the renal arteries
20-25
what is the rate of the blood passes through the kidneys
1200 ml/min or 600ml/min/kidney
T/F
the Efferent arterioles form the capillary tuft known as the glomerulus
False
afferent
what surrounds each glomerulus
bowman’s capsule
The outer layer of Bowman’s capsule is composed of squamous epithelium … what is the AKA of those cells
parietal epithelial cells
the visceral layer of bowman’s capsule is composed of what kind of specialized cells
podocytes
aka visceral epithelial cells
what are the three major components of glomerular capillary wall accounting for the glomerular filtration
- endothelial cells with fenestra
- glomerular basement membrane
- visceral epithelial cells aka podocytes
T/F
glomerular walls are ultra filters that are very permeable to water
true
approximately ___ or ___ of the renal plasma is filtered in the glomeruli
- 90- 120
- one- fifth
Ultrafiltrate is composed of what:
- water electrolytes - glucose - amino acids - urea - uric acid - creatinine - ammonia
what is a key indicator of kidney function and is used to monitor kidney disease progression
Glomerular filtration rate ( GFR)
AKA for dipstick
reagent strip testing
what are the two main objectives of pH
- diagnostic ( metabolic abnormalities )
2. Therapeutic ( regulation of diet )
pH color chart
- acid indicator= ?
- alkaline indicator = ?
- methyl red
- bromthymol blue
T/F
read dipstick 90 seconds after dipping
false
60 seconds