intro Flashcards

1
Q

true/false a corpse is not a highly nutritional package

A
  • false
  • it is a highly nutritional package
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2
Q

what is the goal for immature insects

A

to obtain lots of food quickly

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3
Q

what is the goal for adult insects

A
  • find mates
  • disperse and find new carcasses
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4
Q

true/false the major problem for insects is the availability of food is unpredictable

A
  • true
  • theyre either in feast or famine
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5
Q

maggot growth has what kind of distribution

A

normal distribution (some come early, others come a bit later)

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6
Q

what are intrinsic factors of variability

A

early, optimal, late colonizers, distance to other nearest corpse, number of colonizers available, intraspecific competition

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7
Q

what are extrinsic factors

A
  • moisture, sun/shade, species that arrive, distance to nearest corpse, rarity of corpses, predators, diseases
  • variability associated w the carcass (size, any drugs they took. how much fat/meat)
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8
Q

true/false maggts prefer muscle over brain

A
  • false
  • brain is lots of fat, which they like
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9
Q

describe the structure of insect cuticle

A
  • polysacharide called chitin
  • layers of chitin stacked to create strong, flexible structural membrane
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10
Q

what are forensically relevant insects used for in cases

A

identifying a time and place

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11
Q

what is the most common use of insects in forensics

A

finding PMI estimations in victims of homicides

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12
Q

true/false immature flies are called larvae

A
  • false
  • they are maggots
  • can be called fly larvae but not larvae on their own
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13
Q

what are some things that show changes in PMI

A
  • weather
  • time eggs are layed
  • when insects hatch
  • when insects arrive
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14
Q

name some sources of variability thata re associated with the carcass

A
  • size of corpse
  • presence of drugs or food
  • health of individuals
  • fat vs lean meat
  • access to carcass
  • exposure to internal organs
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15
Q

what is the hard material of the exocuticle made of

A

a protein called sclerotin

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16
Q

true/false the layering of insect cuticle allows us to age it by counting the cuticular band

A
  • true
  • kinda like counting tree rings
  • at apodeme between the thorax and abdomen
17
Q

insects are externally coated with what

A

wax (cuticular hydrocarbon)

18
Q

what do insects use to breathe

A
  • spiracles
  • or holes connected to tracheal tubes that extend throuhout the body cavity
19
Q

what is the power of insect muscles proportional to

A

the power is proportional to cross section area

20
Q

what are muscles attached to

A

the outside structures

21
Q

what can be used to dissolve the muscles of insects

A

10% conc KOH

22
Q

where are eggs deposited

A
  • various locations
  • generally in folds near cavities and openings
23
Q

how many instars are there in maggot development

24
Q

true/false maggots are always smooth

A
  • false
  • maggots can be hairy, covered in setae, or smooth
25
what is sued to identify the different instars
the mouthparts and spiracle aptterns
26
maggots wander from the corpse and turn into what
pupae
27
describe the life cycle of flies
- Flies lay eggs - Eggs become active and get nutrition *(larvae or maggot stage)* - Go back to an egg-like stage *(pupae)* - Then become adult flies
28
The specialized structures of maggots are based on what
habitat
29
*true/false* pupae get lighter with age
- **false** - they get darker
30
what is the basic structure of adult flies
- head - thorax - 2 wings and halters - beetles - hard front wing
31
where is the sagital plane
32
where is the transverse plane
33
where are the anterior/posterior ends
34
what part of the body is this and why do we care
- this is the thorax - the location of the presence of the hairs can be used to identify the species
35
where is the head
36
where is the thorax
37
where is the abdomen
38
what is this
the side view of the thora
39