intro Flashcards
what is innate immunity
Instinctive, non-specific, does not depend on lymphocytes, present from birth
what is adaptive immunity
Specific ‘Acquired/learned’ immunity, requires lymphocytes, antibodies
what makes up a blood sample after being centrifuged
upper layer - plasma
middle layer- buffy coat - leukocytes
lower- erthyrocytes, platelets
define serum
plasma without fibrinogen and other clotting factors
what response are neutrophils mostly involved in
innate
name examples of polymorphonuclear leukocytes
neutrophil
eosinophil
basophil
name examples of mononuclear leukocytes
monocyte
t cells
b cells
dendritic cels
what happens when a monocyte enters a blood cell
differentiates into a macrophage
soluble factors of the immune system
complement
antibodies
cytokines, chemokines
what is complement
Group of ~20 serum proteins secreted by the liver that need to be activated to be functional.
3 activation pathways for complement
1-Direct lysis- membrane attack complex
2-Attract more Leukocytes to site of infection- macrophage chemotaxis
3-Coat invading organism/oponisation
what is an epitope
the part of an antigen that is recognized by the immune system, specifically by antibodies,
what are cytokines
proteins secreted by immune and non-immune cells for cell signalling
When are interferone secreted
in response to a virus
IFNa & b - produced by virus infected cells
IFNg - released by activated T cells
role of colony stimulating factors
Involved in directing the division and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells – precursors of leukocytes
