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Stuarts Finial > Intregnum > Flashcards

Intregnum Flashcards

1
Q

Navigation act

A
  1. Source of division between army and rump
  2. Navigation act (51)
  3. More money spent on navy so looked like counterweight
  4. Disliked fighting against a Protestant republic
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2
Q

Why was there limited reform from the rump

A
  1. 22/41 had not approved if regicide
  2. Majority were conservative
  3. Also invited some back from prides purge
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3
Q

What were the two key reasons for the failure of the rump

A
  1. PNs conservative demands set against radical minority’s demand for more reform
  2. Army held real power
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4
Q

Blasphemy act

A

To prevent threat of radicals

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5
Q

Nominated assembly

A

Power left in Cromwell’s hands but he didn’t want power

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6
Q

Instrument of government

A

  1. Named protector head of state
  2. Parliament elected every 3 years to sit for min of 5 months
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7
Q

What were Cromwell’s two aims

A
  1. Healing and settling (establish a stable form of government)
  2. Religious and social reform
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8
Q

Why did Lambert construct the protectorate role

A

To balance poetically unrestricted power of parliament

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9
Q

What have Cromwell lots of power as protectorate

A
  1. Authority to enact ordinances without parliament

2. Control of army

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10
Q

How did Cromwell respond to parliamentary attacks on his power

A

The ‘fundamentals of government’

  1. Joint control of army with parliament
  2. Ensured regular elections
  3. Liberty to tender consciences
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11
Q

What caused ‘The Recognition’

A

Forced form opposition from hardened republicans.

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12
Q

The recognition

A

MPs take an oath acknowledging ‘government by single person and parliament’

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13
Q

How many refused the oath of recognition

A

100 MPs reused and had to withdraw

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14
Q

Biddel case

A 
1654
-
Denied the trinity
-
Parliament enforcing what they saw as their right to control religion 
-
Caused Cromwell to dissolve parliament
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15
Q

What caused Cromwell to dissolve the first protectorate parliament

A

  1. Biddles case
  2. Parliaments failure to fund the army
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16
Q

When was rule of the major generals

A

55-57

17
Q

What were the reasons for the introduction of Major generals

A
  1. Reaction to failure of first parliament
  2. Apparent renewed royalist threat
  3. To enforce religious reformation
  4. Decimation tax on royalists to fund army
18
Q

Penruddocks rising

A 
March 1655
-
Indicated threat of royalists 
-
Major generals introduce
19
Q

What two major generals showed how effective it was was really down to disposition

A
  1. Edward Whalley hugely helped the poor in his area

2. Berry focused on the idea of religious reformation

20
Q

Why did PN not like Major generals

A
  1. Posed a threat to PNs control of localities

2. Although not removed or replaced they felt alienated by the greater role played by soldiers and lesser gentry

21
Q

What were the finical issues of the protectorate

A
  1. High levels of tax on PN
  2. No financial settlement achieved
  3. Decimation tax hindered acceptance of regime by royalists
22
Q

Religion under protectorate

A
  1. NMA linked with religious radicalism
  2. Prevented persecution of radicals
  3. Raised fear in PN
  4. Explosion of Quaker numbers in 1650s heightened this fear
23
Q

What shows Cromwell’s shift towards healing and settling rather than godly reform

A
  1. Calling of second parliament
  2. Abandonment of militia bill and generals
  3. Showed compromise towards a parliamentary settlement
24
Q

The humble petition and advice

A

  1. More traditional form of government with a monarch
  2. More appealing to PN
25
Q

What two reasons did the army oppose kingship for

A
  1. Chief political power would be with monarch

2. Religious reasons

26
Q

Why did Cromwell not accept the Humble petition

A
  1. Army seriously oppose and had potential to remove him

2. Cromwell saw army opposition as God’s judgement against kingship

27
Q

How did republicans feel about the humble petition

A

King all but in name

28
Q

Why did Richard Cromwell fail

A
  1. Favoured civilians
  2. Republicans distrusted civilians and so refused to recognise Richard
  3. Measures to restrict army provoked them
29
Q

What did the army do with Richard

A

forced him to dissolve parliament and reinstate the rump

30
Q

George booths rising

A

Rising against radicalism of army

31
Q

Fear of quakers

A 
50,000 by 1650s 
-
Many feared they were going to take over, especially as Lambert supported them 
-
Massively scared PN
32
Q

Lamberts removal of the rump

A
  1. Derby petition about lack of reform

2. Removed the rump on 13th October 59

33
Q

Rump reinstates a second time

A

Free elections

Stuarts Finial (10 decks)

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