intravenous (IV) thearpy Flashcards
primary use for IV’s in the coast guard
- dehydration
- electrolyte imbalance
- hypovolemia
other uses for IV’s
- blood administration
- medication administration
- nutrition administration
4 types of solution used in IV’s
- crystalloids
- colloids
- blood
- artificial blood
crystalloids
- dissolves crystal sugar, salt 0.9% saline, ringers, 5% dextrose
- cross cell membrane quickly
colloids
- larger molecules, slower diffusion, expensive, short 1/2 life, refrigeration
- examples: plasmanate, albumin, dextran, bedpan
blood
- not stocked in CG clinics
- not practical prehospital
artificial blood
- IV solutions don’t carry O2
- unsuccessful clinical trials
name 4 precautions for IV usage
- bleeding
- infection
- hypervolemia
- infiltration
name 3 reasons to refrain from IV’s
- sclerotic (hardened) veins
- burned extremities
- delay of transport in critically i’ll or injured
before using an IV bag what 2 things should you check for
- identify SOLUTION and EXPIRATION date
what does “drop factor” mean
of drops in 1 mL
what is the formula for determining drip rate
of drops per min
what does KVO mean
keep vein open
what does “counting rate” mean
GTTS / MIN / 4(get/15)
what are the diff parts of an IV administration set:
spike, drip chamber, roller clamp, slide clamp, medication administration port, tubing, luer lock and adapter
define IV cannulation
the placement of a catheter into a vein
what are some complications of IV
- pain
- catheter shear
- circulatory overload
- arterial stick
- hematoma or infiltration
- infection
- air embolism
- pyrogenic reaction
what do you need to document for an IV
- sf 600 or CG 5214
- 3 about the catheter
- 3 about the fluid
- 3 about the patient
SF 600 or CG 5214
- start time
- bag change time
- d/c time (discontinue)
3 about the catheter
- type
- gauge
- length
3 about the fluid
- type
- amount
- drip rate
3 about the patient
- site
- number of attempts
- complications
