injections Flashcards
what are the advantages of parenteral route?
- rapid absorption
- only available means for unconscious patient
- only available means when vomiting and diarrhea are present
- concentrate medication in particular area
disadvantages of parenteral route
- pain at injection site
- point of entry for injection
- injury to superficial nerves or vessels
- needle breaking in tissue
- inadvertent injection of blood vessel
- hitting bone
- IRREMOVABLE once injected
diff parts of the syringe
hub, hill, shaft, bevel, lumen, point
plunger, flange, barrel, measure dose here, tip
what are the unit conversions for the barrel of a syringe?
- 1mm = 1cc
- 1 millimeter = 1 cubic centimeter
what are the different types of syringes
- hypodermic syringes
- insulin syringe
- tuberculin syringe
hypodermic syringes
-1cc - 60cc
- can be preloaded with needle or without needle
- luer lock or plain tip
- calibrated in (whole) cc
insulin syringe
- 1cc
- preloaded with needle or without needle
- calibrated in insulin units (IU)
- usually 26g-28g x 1/4”
- INSULIN only
tuberculin syringe
- 1cc
- preloaded with needle
- calibrated in .10 and .01 mL
- HS school uses 25g - 28g x 5/8” needle
- PPD administration (ID)
what are the diff types of syringes
- lengths from 3/8” to 3”
- from medication, gauge range from 18-27
- polished carbon steel cut and angle
what sizes does a hypodermic needle come in
- 2 mL
- 2.5 mL
- 3 mL
- 5 mL
relationship between lumen of a needle and the gauge
- lumen size and gauge are inversely related
- at the lumen gets bigger the gauge gets smaller
diff routes of administration
- intramuscular
- subcutaneous
- intradermal
where can an IM injection be administered
- delt and glute
maximum dose that can be given in the delt via IM
no more than 1cc
maximum does that can be given in the glute via IM
less than 3 cc
maximum dose that can be given for subcutaneous (SC)
1 cc
needle specifications for IM needle
- 3 cc syringe
- 1” - 3” needle length
- 18-23” gauge
needle specifications for SC NEEDLE
- 3 cc syringe
- 1/2” - 5/8” needles length
- 23-25 gauge
needle specifications for ID
- 1cc syringe
- 3/8” - 5/8” needle
- 25-27 gauge
maximum does that can be given from ID
- 0.1 cc - 0.2 cc
what is the angle of administration for an IM injection
90 degrees
angle of administration for SC
45 degrees
angle of administration for ID
10-15 degrees
differences in syringe size for IM, SC, ID
IM = 3 cc
SC = 3 cc
ID = 1cc
differences in volume of IM, SC, ID injections
IM =
delt no more than 1cc
glute less than 3 cc
SC =
less than 1 cc
ID =
0.1 cc - 0.2 cc
differences in needle gauge in IM, SC, ID needles
IM - 18-23g
SC - 23-25g
ID - 25-27g
areas of the skin to avoid when giving an injection
- burned, edematous, cyanotic, or traumatized areas
- lesions including moles, warts, and scar tissue
- areas near larger blood vessels, nerves, bones
what sheet MUST be given to a PATIENT before a vaccine is administered
vaccination information sheet (VIS)
what are the differences in aspirating for IM, SC, ID injections
NO ASPIRATING FOR ID
what are the differences in removing needle for IM, SC , ID
ID remove needle SLOWLY because you don’t want to disturb the wheel
what are the differences for holding the skin tissue for IM, SC, ID
IM = spread the tissue and hold taut
SC = spinach the skin between thumb and forefinger
ID = pull skin taut
how long do we keep a patient post injection for observation
20 minutes
differences for documentation for meds, immunizations, PPD, and adverse reactions
MEDS = sf-600
IMMUNIZATION = sf-600 / MRRS / CDC 731 / DD 2766
PPD = sf-600 / MRRS / CDC 731 / DD 2766
adverse reaction same as immunizations and ppd but with VAERS
