Intravenous Fluids Flashcards
what is diffusion
movement of a solute from high to low concentration
membrane must be solute permeable
what is osmosis
movement fo wate form high to low concentration
membrane has to solute impermeable
what is osmolarity
the measure of solute concentration per unit volume of solvent
takes into account all the of the solute concentrations
what is osmolality
the measure of solute concentration per unit MASS of solvent
what is tonicity
the measure of osmotic recur egraident between two solutions
what is euvovolaemic
veins are well filleed
feels well
not thirsty
doesn’t need fluids
what is hypovolaemia
feels nauseous thirsty no weat flat veins cool peripheries rehydration fluids resuscitation fluids
what is hypervolaemia
feels breathless not thirsty veins distended warm and oedema no more fluids possibly diuretics
does the patient need fluid
no-drinking fine, has an NG tube
yes-not drinking g, has or is loosing fluid
If yes then why do they need fluid
maintenance- eg fasting for 6 hours should be put on fluids
replacement- this fluid is in addition to maintenance fluid
resuscitation- hypovolameia , as a result of dehydration or sepsis
how much fluid do they need
maintinece is 30ml/kg /24 hours
review U and E
work out water deficit- vomit bowls, sputum cups, catheters
what types of fluid do they need
Iv vs oral vs ng
what is dextrose used for
chronic dehydration
hypernatreamia-high na
what is crystalloid used for
acute dehydration
AKI
resusitaiton
what are plasma expanders used for
liver patients
