Intraspecific relationships

Question 1

What is a territory?

Answer 1

An area where an animal lives and defends

Question 2

What is a home range?

Answer 2

An area where an animal will search for food and water that it cant find in its own territory. This isn’t defended land.

Question 3

What is a lek?

Answer 3

A lek is where males come together and preform mating displays often competitively to attract females.

Question 4

What is the definition of an ecological niche?

Answer 4

The ecological niche is all the factors of an animals living situation. It is all the physical & biological conditions of a population in its habitat.

Question 5

What kind of things does an ecological niche consider?

Answer 5

Food source, predators, prey, reproduction, interactions and survival.

Question 6

What would happen if two animals had the same ecological niche?

Answer 6

Competition. In most cases one species will have a slight advantage over the other and end up dominant while the other may risk extinction and undergo likely changes to its ecological niche.

Question 7

What is an intraspecific relationship?

Answer 7

An infraspecific relationship is the interactions with other animals in the same species.

Question 8

What are some examples of things animals may compete over?

Answer 8

Food, mates, resources and space.

Question 9

What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in groups?

Answer 9

Advantages> Safety in numbers from predators, help each other find resources, puts mates in closer proximity.

Disadvantages> Disease spread is more common, Competition for food and space, increased vulnerability to predators as more noticeable.

Question 10

What is a linear hierarchie?

Answer 10

Linear hierarchies is a ranking system from least dominant to most.

Question 11

What is a complex hierarchie?

Answer 11

Complex hierarchies involve many groups in rankings controlled by a dominant alpha member.

Question 12

What is the purpose of establishing hierarchies?

Answer 12

Hierarchies are useful for reducing fighting between members of the species by having ranks so that each member knows it place. This reduces not only fighting but competition for food and other resources.

Question 13

What is monogamy?

Answer 13

Having one partner per breeding season or life.

Question 14

What is polygamy?

Answer 14

Having multiple mates.

Question 15

In which situations would monogamy be better?

Answer 15

In a species which requires full commitment from both parents to raise the offspring.

Question 16

In which situations would polygamy be better?

Answer 16

Situations in which a population requires an increase in genetic diversity OR when commitment to raise offspring isn’t required.

Question 17

What is the R-strategy for reproduction?

Answer 17

When parents have high numbers of offspring.

Question 18

What is the K-strategy for reproduction?

Answer 18

When parents have a low number of offspring

Question 19

What are the pros and cons of R-strategy.

Answer 19

PROS> Increased chance of some offspring survival, low energy required to raise offspring.

CONS> Offspring are more likely to die from starvation or predators.

Question 20

What are the pros and cons of K-strategy

Answer 20

PROS>Most offspring are likely to survive

CONS>Parents spend large amounts of time and energy.

Question 21

What are some examples of courtship rituals that might be used by animals?

Answer 21

Songs, dance, fights and appearance