Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MCN > Intrapartum 1 > Flashcards

Intrapartum 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Refers to a series of events by which uterine contractions & abdominal pressure expel a fetus & placenta from the uterus

A

labor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

normal labor

A

eutocia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

as the time from the delivery of placenta through the first week’s after the delivery

A

puerperium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

a woman about to give birth

A

parturient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what trigger the random, painless, braxton hick contraction into strong, corrdinated, productive labor

A

unknown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

uterus stretches with the baby to the maximum and this causes the uterine muscles to start contracting so that the uterus regains its normal size and shape

A

Uterine stretch theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pressure on the cervix stimulates the release of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary gland causing uterine contractions

A

Oxytocin Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

suggests that labor begins when progesterone levels in the body decrease and this usually happens towards the end of pregnancy

A

Progesterone Deprivation Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the placenta begins to age and these results in insufficient nutrients reaching the fetus leading to labor

A

Aging Placenta Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

-Latter part of pregnancy
-secreted from the fetal membrane.
-A decrease in progesterone amount also elevates the prostaglandin level.
-Synthesis of prostaglandin causes uterine contraction, labor is initiated

A

Prostaglandin Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the route a fetus must travel from the uterus through the cervix & vagina to the
external perineum and must be of adequate size

A

passage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Two pelvic measurements important to determine the adequacy of the pelvic size

A

diagonal conjugate, the AP diameter of the inlet

transverse diameter of the outlet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

critical factors in the passage

ability of the cervix to __________ and__________

ability of the vaginal
canal and the introitus to ________

A

dilate & efface

distend

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

movement of the fetus, through the birth canal is determined by several interacting factors

A

the fetal head
fetal attitude
fetal lie
fetal presentation
fetal position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the most important part of the fetus

A

fetal head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

fetal head:

It is the ___________ part of the fetus

It is the most ______________ presenting part

It is the ___________ compressible of all parts

A

largest, frequent, least

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

fetal head is compose of how many bones?

A

7 bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

spaces between cranial bones

A

Sutures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

between 2 frontal
bones

A

frontal suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

between frontal &
parietal bones

A

coronal suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

between 2 parietal bones (midline suture)

A

sagittal suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

most important suture overrides in labor (molding) decreasing biparietal diameter by 0.5 to 1 cm

A

sagittal suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

posterior suture; between parietal & occipital bones

A

Lambdoidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Membrane-filled spaces called ________________ are located where the sutures intersect

A

fontanels/fontanelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

triangular in shape, junction of parietal & occipital bones; closes at 2- 3 months, as early as 2 months & as late as 4 months

A

Posterior fontanelle(LAMBDA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

diamond- shaped “soft spot” in front of the head, junction between frontal & parietal bones, closes at 18 months

A

Anterior fontanelle (BREGMA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what are the four fontanelles

A

anterior fontanelle
posterior fontanelle
sphenoidal fontanelle
mastoid fontanelle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Mentum

A

fetal chin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Sinciput

A

upper part of the skull, especially the anterior portion above and including the forehead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Bregma

A

large diamond-shaped anterior fontanelle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Vertex

A

area between the anterior and posterior fontanels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Occiput

A

area of the fetal skull occupied by occipital bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

9.25 cm: biggest transverse diameter

A

biparietal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

9.5 cm- smallest AP diameter

A

Suboccipitobregmatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Indication that a baby is hungry

A

sunken fontanel of baby

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

when oxytoxin is given? and why?

A

after birth to keep the uterus contracted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Normal female pelvis

Most favorable for successful labor and birth

inlet is round and wide

A

gynecoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Refers to the flat female pelvis

Less favorable for vaginal delivery due to shape

Inlet is transverse oval

5%

A

Platypelloid pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Resembles a male pelvis, and common for tall women.

May lead arrest of labor in vaginal delivery due to shape.

inlet is heart shaped

20%

A

android pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Ideal and large enough passage for vaginal delivery

Inlet is oval

25%

A

anthropoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Baby’s head changes shape to pass through the birth canal during a vaginal delivery

A

molding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Transverse diameters

Biparietal: _____ cm
bitemporal:_____ cm
Bi mastoid:_____ cm

A

9.25

8

7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Antero-posterior diameters

occipitomental :______cm

occipitofrontal: _______ cm

suboccipitobreagmatic: ______ cm

A

13.5

11-12

9.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

AP are more _________ than transverse diameters.

A

wider

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

relation of the fetal body parts to each other

A

fetal attitude/habitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

head flexed on chest

A

flexion

46
Q

head extended, occiput touches the back

A

Extension

47
Q

normal and good attitude in cephalic presentation.

The fetal neck is fully flexed, with the chin touching the chest.

Occiput presenting part

A

complete flexion

48
Q

Military or partially flexed

This position may be less favorable than complete flexion

Vertex presenting part

A

moderate flexion

49
Q

space between anterior and posterior fontanelle

A

vertex

50
Q

Fetal head extends backwards

May complicate delivery leading to potential issues

A

Forehead presenting part

51
Q

Fetal head is extended backward significantly

The least favorable position for delivery.

Swollen face

A

face/brow presenting part

52
Q

Relation of the long axis (spinal column) of the fetus to the long axis (spinal column) of the mother

A

fetal lie

53
Q

cephalic or breech

A

Longitudinal/Vertical Lie

54
Q

presenting part is the shoulder

A

Transverse/Horizontal Lie

55
Q

Unstable & always become longitudinal or transverse during labor

A

oblique lie

56
Q

The body part of the fetus that enters the pelvic inlet first & leads through the birth canal during labor

A

fetal presentation

57
Q

Fetal Lie

Degree of Fetal Flexion (Attitude)

A

fetal presentation

58
Q

most frequent type or presentation

A

cephalic

59
Q

A normal condition in newborns where there is localized swelling (edema) on the scalp due to pressure during delivery

A

Caput succedaneum

60
Q

Knees & Hips flexed, thighs on abdomen & calves on posterior thighs, buttocks & feet present

A

complete breech

61
Q

Hips flexed & knees extended, buttocks present

A

frank breech

62
Q

Hips & legs extended, with one foot present

A

Single footling

63
Q

Hips & legs extended, w/ both feet present

A

double footling

64
Q

Completely covering the cervix, it can bleed easily, tendency for the baby to be transversed

relaxed abdomen

A

placenta previa

65
Q

Breech and shoulder presentations are associated with difficulties during labor, and labor does not proceed as expected; therefore, they are called _____________________

A

malpresentations

66
Q

what is the landmark of vertex presentation

A

occiput

67
Q

what is the landmark of face presentation

A

mentum

68
Q

what is the landmark for breech presentation

A

sacrum

69
Q

what is the landmark for shoulder presentation

A

acromion process

70
Q

Defines whether the landmark is pointing

To the mother’s right R or L

A

first letter

71
Q

it denotes the fetal landmarks

O: For occiput

M: For Mentum or chin

S: Sacrum

A: Acromion Process

A

middle letter

72
Q

denotes whether the landmark points

A: Anteriorly

P: Posteriorly

T: Transversely

A

last letter

73
Q

recommended fetal position

A

LOA

74
Q

Relationship of presenting part of the level of the ischial spine (IS)

Measure of the degree of descent of the presenting part of the fetus through the birth canal.

A

station

75
Q

above ischial spine

___ station

A

Minus(-)

76
Q

below ischial spine

____ station

A

plus(+)

77
Q

baby’s head becomes visible and remains at the vaginal opening during contractions

A

crowning

78
Q

on what station when crowing occurs

A

4+

79
Q

occurs when the sagittal suture is midway between the symphysis pubis and the sacral promontory

A

synclitism

80
Q

occurs when the sagittal suture is directed toward either the symphysis pubis or the sacral promontory and feels misaligned

A

asynclitism

81
Q

presenting part
above the inlet, in false pelvis

A

Floating(-3)

82
Q

presenting part at
pelvic outlet

A

Station (+5)

83
Q

-2 station

A

dipping

84
Q

presenting part below the inlet, in true pelvis,

no longer moving but not yet engaged

A

Fixed(-1)

85
Q

presenting part at
pelvic inlet

A

Station (-5)

86
Q

presenting
part at IS

A

Engaged /Station O

87
Q

Involuntary & voluntary powers combine to expel the fetus, the fetal membranes & the placenta from the uterus

A

powers of labor

88
Q

primary power/force

A

involuntary

89
Q

Secondary power/force

A

Voluntary, Maternal push with uterine contractions

90
Q

force responsible for the effacement & dilation of the cervix and descent of the fetus

rhythmic but intermittent

A

primary

91
Q

line of demarcation between the upper and lower uterine segment present during normal labor and cannot usually be felt abdominally

A

physiologic retraction ring

92
Q

rising up retraction ring during obstructed labor due to marked retraction, the shape of abdomen in obstructed labor

thickening of the upper uterine segment while the relatively passive lower segment is markedly stretched and thinned to accommodate the fetus

A

BANDL’S RING

93
Q

how many phases in each contraction?

A

3

94
Q

what are the phases of each contraction

A

increment

acme

decrement

95
Q

The longest phase where the contraction gradually builds up.

The intensity increases steadily until it reaches its peak.

A

increment

96
Q

The peak of the contraction, representing the maximum intensity of the contraction

A

acme

97
Q

The phase where the intensity of the contraction decreases after reaching the acme

A

decrement

98
Q

Beginning to end of one contraction

A

duration

99
Q

Beginning of one contraction to the beginning of the next contraction.

e.g. contractions comes every 5 min and last 60 seconds.

A

frequency

100
Q

Fundus indents easily

Feels like a tip of your nose

A

mild intensity

101
Q

Fundus indents less easily

Firm fundus that is difficult to indent

Feels like a chin

A

moderate intensity

102
Q
  • Fundus cannot be indented

Feels like a forehead

A

strong intensity

103
Q

Contractions occurring more often than every two minutes & persistent contraction duration not longer 70 seconds may reduce fetal _____________ supply and should be reported

A

oxygen

104
Q

Shortening & thinning of the cervix during the first stage of labor

A

effacement

105
Q

Enlargement or widening of the cervical opening & the cervical canal that occurs once labor has begun

A

dilation/ dilatation

106
Q

Use of abdominal muscles to push during the second stage of labor.

The voluntary bearing down efforts by the woman.

A

secondary power

107
Q

it can cause cervical edema (which retards dilatation), possible tearing and
bruising of the cervix, and maternal exhaustion

If the cervix is not ______________ when bearing
down

A

fully dilated

108
Q

position that may help stimulate effective contractions

all use gravity to help baby’s descent

A

walking, standing, leaning

109
Q

position that relieve back pain

help rotate the baby in the most favorable position

relieves hemorrhoids

A

kneeling

110
Q

position the uses gravity to help baby descent

allow rest between contraction

A

sitting

111
Q

position that uses gravity to help baby descent

opens pelvis to provide more room

A

squatting

112
Q

Woman must be relaxed, aware & participating in the birth process to result for _________ and ____________ labor

A

shorter and less

113
Q
A

MCN (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions