Intraop #1

Question 1

what is open surgery

Answer 1

surgeon cut skin and tissue to have full view of organs and structures
ex/open heart surgery

Question 2

what is minimally invasive surgery

Answer 2

no need for large incision
ex/laproscopy, arthroscopy, cystoscopy, colonscopy
can be done robotically

Question 3

benefit of minimally invasive surgery

Answer 3

heal faster with less pain

Question 4

sterile team

Answer 4

surgeon, surgical assistant, surgical tech, PA, RN first assistant

Question 5

nonsterile team

Answer 5

circulating nurse, asesthesiologist/CRNA, assistive personel

Question 6

what is basic aseptic technique

Answer 6

prevent infection through reaction of and maintenance of sterile field

Question 7

what does pt positioning do

Answer 7

provide musculoskeletal alignment
prevent pressure
provide for adequate thoracic excursion
prevent occulsion of arteries and veins
provide modesty and exposure

Question 8

supine

Answer 8

laying flat on back

Question 9

prone

Answer 9

facedown with head to side

Question 10

lateral

Answer 10

on side
ex/renal or thoracic surgery

Question 11

lithotomy

Answer 11

vaginal surgery

Question 12

what should the SBAR include

Answer 12

what is going on with pt, what is procedure

Question 13

nurse role for surgical care

Answer 13

prophylatic antibiotic
warm blanket to prevent hypothermia
pneumatic compression devices, SCDs,

Question 14

what is a surgical time out

Answer 14

b/f skin incision, verify correct pt, surgeon, placement and procedure

Question 15

what is monitored anesthesia care

Answer 15

for diagnostic/therautic procedures
decreases pt response
pt can hear you b/c not fully unconscious

Question 16

what is general anesthesia

Answer 16

IV agent
makes pt asleep
hypnotic, dissociative agent or anxiolytic

Question 17

what are inhaled agents

Answer 17

cornerstone of general anesthesia
via endotrachial tube or mask

Question 18

adjuncts to anesthesia

Answer 18

antiemetics
benzodiazepines
neuromuscular blocking agents
opioids

Question 19

what is local anesthesia

Answer 19

loss of sensation, w/o loss of consciousness
interrupts generation of nerve impulses by altering flow of sodium into cells

Question 20

types of local anesthetic

Answer 20

topical, opthalmic, nebulized, injectable

Question 21

what do you need to watch for with local anesthetics

Answer 21

allergic reactions

Question 22

what is spinal anesthesia

Answer 22

injection of local anesthesia into CSF subarachnoid space under L2
autonomic, sensory and motor block

Question 23

side effects of spinal anesthesia

Answer 23

vasodilation, hypotension, bradycardia, n/v

Question 24

how to prevent headache with spinal anesthesia

Answer 24

HOB is flat

Question 25

how long does spinal anesthesia last

Answer 25

several hours

Question 26

what is an epidural block

Answer 26

injection of local anestheia into epidural space, more superficial than spinal anesthesia, doesn’t enter CSF
opioid used as adjunct
conscious pt