Intracellular Accumulation And Extracellular Depsosition Flashcards
Define /Steatosis ? Where?
An abnormal accumulation of
triglycerides within parenchymal cells.
Most common site in liver🤎 also heart🫀,muscle👅,kidney.
Causes of steatosis? Why? Gross/microscope.
-alcohol🥃 - protein deficiency🍗-diabetes🍚-Hypoxia🥶
Why? ⬆️ fatty acids in 🤎 (starvation) ⬆️triglyceride formation(🍸) ⬇️fatty acid oxidation (🥶) ⬇️ lipoprotein secretion from 🤎( 🍸).
Gross/ fatty livers are soft, yellow color,The borders are rounded.
Micro/large vaculoles of fat, nucleus flat and pushed to one side (signet ring 💍).
Atherosclerosis? Xanthomas?
.Cholesterol & cholesterol
esters accumulate in arterial wall smooth🫀muscle cells & macrophages. Extracellular
accumulations appear microscopically as cleft-like فراغ معين🔷️spaces.
..In acquired hyperlipidemias, lipids accumulate in “foamy”
macrophages .(under skin)
(anthracosis)difine?
Accumulations of this pigment blacken the
tissues of the lungs.🖤🕳
Lipofuscin, lipochrome or wear-and-tear pigment.explain.
Insoluble pigment, derived through lipid peroxidation of cellular membranes.sign of free
radical injury☣️ and lipid peroxidation🏵.
appears as a yellow-brown🟡🟤,granular💮
cytoplasmic,perinuclear🦁.
Site: liver🤎and heart 🫀cells of aging
patients or patients with severe malnutrition
and cancer
Brown Atrophy, Heart🤎.explain.
Senile شيخوخي atrophy (heart with excess lipofuscin).
Gross/ reduced in size -dark brown-Pericardial fat is replaced by
edematous tissue🍮 جيلي لايك.
Micro/ muscle fibers thin🥩 atrophic ,
Yellowish brown 🤎 stained with hematoxylin only🟦.
Melanin.explain.
endogenous
,non-hemoglobinderived,
brown-black pigment
-formed when the enzyme tyrosinase catalyzes the oxidation of tyrosine to dihydroxyphenylalanine in melanocytes.-(نقطة غير مهمة جدا)
Causes:
⚫️exposure to🌞
⚫️Melanocyticحميد and melanomasخبيث
⚫️Chloasma of pregnancy.
⚫️Addison’s disease
⚫️Café au lait patches in neurofibromatosis
