into to sprots psych Flashcards
Sport psychology.
xplores the psychological factors that influence
sport participation and performance (e.g.,
motivation, group dynamics), as well as theories
and interventions that can be used to enhance
sport performance, participation, and personal
growth (Williams et al., 2021)
* Enhancing well-being and performance (AASP,
n.d.
Primary focus of sport psych is
education, i.e., teaches
athletes, coaches, about psychological skills and how to
develop & implement them (
sport psychology is not
clinical (i.e., it is not the same as clinical and counselling
psychology or psychiatry; Crocker et al., 2021)
sports psych practitiones cannot treat
mental ilness
ROLES OF THE SPORT
PSYCH PRACTITIONER
3
consult
research
teaching
ROLES OF THE SPORT
PSYCH PRACTITIONER
Consulting
Working with athletes and/or teams to
develop psychological skills for enhancing performance
ROLES OF THE SPORT
PSYCH PRACTITIONER
Research
Advance the field and contribute to
knowledge that can be used for evidence informed
intervention
ROLES OF THE SPORT
PSYCH PRACTITIONER
Teaching
courses like KNES 25
sport psychology
is referring to the field, which encompasses
research, teaching, and consulting
Sport psychology practitioner
refers specifically to any individual
conducting applied work consulting with athletes
Certified mental performance consultant
(CMPC) is a specific
credential one can obtain through the Association of Applied Sport
Psychology (AASP) and is the licensing body for consulting in North
Americ
PSYCHOLOGICAL SKILLS TRAINING (PST)
refers to
the systematic and consistent practice of psychological skills for
enhanced performance - the role of the sport psych practitioner is to educate
and facilitate
* PST is for everyone - and the goal is not to ‘fix’ but to enhance
* A key tenet of psychological skills training (PST) is that it’s not a magic wand -
just like we train physically for sport, we must do the same with mental skills
⚬ I.e.: structured, consistent practice
⚬ I.e.: done in advance
what has a strong influinse of pst
counseling theories
Cognitive-Behavioural approach to PST
To make change, we must DO something!
* We act our way into new thoughts, rather than
thinking our way into new actions (Beck, 2011;
Henriksen, 2015)
⚬ e.g.: goal setting, progressive muscle relaxation
Cognitive-Behavioural approach to PST
Education:
This phase is about raising awareness. It teaches individuals what PST is and how the mental side of performance—like focus, confidence, and stress management—can influence success
Cognitive-Behavioural approach to PST
Needs Assessment
This involves analyzing the strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement of the athlete or performer. It also considers the specific psychological demands of their sport or activity
Cognitive-Behavioural approach to PST
Acquisition
This phase focuses on learning the psychological skills (e.g., goal-setting, visualization, relaxation techniques). It’s about providing tools and strategies to enhance mental performance
Cognitive-Behavioural approach to PST
Practice:
Here, individuals repeatedly use the skills until they become automatic. The goal is to ensure they can effectively apply these skills under pressure or in competition.
key skills
The ability to concentrate on the right things at the right time & manage distractions
* Relaxation techniques (e.g., breathing)
* Setting short- and long- term goals
* Visualization (also known as imagery)
* Self-talk
* Building an effective team culture
* Debriefing and reflection
Can lead to the following outcomes.
Self-awareness
* Emotional and arousal management (next week)
* Motivation
* Confidence
what is the strongest predictor of intervention success
the
relationship between the athlete and the practitioner
who ashould be included in the prosses of an intervention
coaches
cHARACTERISTICS OF AN EFFECTIVE SPP
Who is leading the program can be as important as
the content.
Effective Sport Psychology Practitioners (as cited in Weinberg & Gould,
2015):
* Establish trust and rapport
* Are knowledgeable and have something concrete to offer
* Conduct follow-ups throughout the season
* Adapt to specific needs of each athlete and tailor the intervention
INFORMAL OPTIONS
utlined here unique to sport
psychology consulting - you typically won’t find these in
clinical counselling
* Brief contact interventions: unplanned intervention,
maximum 15-20min that focus on performance
enhancement in the moment (Giges & Petitpas, 2000)
⚬ Occur on the field (e.g., on a chairlift, or bottom of the
halfpipe as pictured)
* Being ‘embedded’ in a team & observation (Halliwell, 1990;
McCann, 2008; Werthner & Coleman, 2009)
⚬ Practitioner becomes part of athlete’s regular
environment - systematic, holistic
⚬ Presence - relationship building
⚬ Ethical considerations
