Interwar years India Flashcards
When was the Amritsar Massacre and how many died?
13 April 1919
379 immediate deaths
What caused Amritsar?
The extension of the wartime Rowlatt Act which allowed things such as unlimited detention and trial without jury
This caused Gandhi to call for a hartal and after 5 people were killed Dyer banned meetings in public places
Despite this 10-20,000 Punjabis met in a square and Dyer fired upon them
Reactions to Amritsar?
Mixed- Churchill condemned it, Kipling said Dyer ‘was the man who saved India’
Benefit fund in the morning post raised over £26,000
Dyer was demoted
What was the Montagu-Chelmsford agreement?
A promise to give India self governance after the war that was made in 1917
What did the 1919 Government of India Act do?
Created a dyarchy by making a central and provincial government
Devolved some issues to India
What was the Simons Commission?
A 7 man commission that toured India in 1927 to recommend changes to its administration, although it concluded that none needed to be made
It had no Indians on it and there was lots of protest to it
What did the Irwin Declaration promise in 1929?
Eventual Dominion status
What was the salt march?
In protest to the salt tax, Gandhi marched 241 miles over 24 days to Dandi in 1931 (12 March- 6 April)
It was a direct challenge to the British government but was non-violent which made it difficult to respond
What was the Chauri-Chaura incident?
During the 1920s civil disobedience campaign, a police station was burned causing Gandhi to call off the whole campaign
Which Round Table Conference actually mattered?
1931 as in the other 2 all significant leaders were in prison, although all it did was show the divisions between leaders
What did the 1935 Government of India Act do?
Expanded the electorate to 35 million
Ended dyarchy
Provincial elections
What was the result of the 1935 elections?
Overwhelming win for the INC- win 8/11 provinces
When did Britain declare war on India’s behalf?
3rd September 1939
