Africa Flashcards
When and how did the British occupation of Egypt begin?
In 1882 with the Anglo-French bombardment of Alexandria
When was the Berlin Conference and what was decided?
1884- that Belgium was given the Congo
When was the Royal Charter given for Nigeria, and when did the government buy it out
Given in 1886. Bought out in 1900
When was the Imperial British East Africa Company founded?
1888 to administer and develop Uganda and Kenya
When was the German expedition to Uganda?
1900
Where was the Hut Tax put in place, how much was it, and why?
Uganda
3 rupees
To turn the natives into a cash system so they would become consumers
What was the Battle of Omdurman and when was it?
1898- it was the decisive battle in Lord Kitchener’s Sudan campaign
How many died and were injured in Omdurman?
11,000 killed, 16,000 wounded- more than any other conflict between European powers and natives
What was the Fashoda incident and when was it?
1897- A French expedition to Sudan led by Marchand was met by Kitchener in Khartoum and was forced to leave leading to a huge embarrassment for the French. This threat was a large reason why Britain invaded Sudan
When did General Gordon die?
1885, almost 10 years before Kitchener’s invasion
When was the 1st Boer War?
1880-81
What was the decisive Boer victory in the 1st war?
Majuba Hill
By how much does the Suez Canal cut the trip to India?
6,000 miles
When + what was the Jameson Raid and who was involved?
In 1895 the British government and Cecil Rhodes attempted to incite an Uitlander rebellion in the Transvaal, however this did not happen and Britain was forced to withdraw and received international condemnation
When was the 2nd Boer War?
1899-1902
What were the international consequences of the 2nd Boer War?
Embarrassment as the war had taken so much more effort than expected, leading Britain to sign a number of treaties with Russia, France, Japan and the USA, but not Germany who refused, as Britain had proved to be a weaker power than expected in the war. South Africa was also allowed self government in 1906
What were the domestic consequences of the 2nd Boer War?
National efficiency- efforts to improve the health of Britain as this was believed to have hindered the war effort
Of Manchester’s 11,000 volunteers how many were rejected for poor health?
8,000
What was the staple good in Nigeria?
Palm oil
Why is anything to protect India economic?
It was worth more than any colony as it had huge amounts of tea, spices, indigo and opium and brought in huge profits for those involved. It was also a huge export market for weapon and cotton industries
Which colonies demonstrate imperial rivalry?
Uganda, the Great Game, Boer Wars
Which colonies demonstrate strategic concerns?
Sudan, Egypt
Which colonies demonstrate economic interests?
India, Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa, (Uganda)
How has a civilising mission been demonstrated?
Missionaries in Africa + India
Banning slave trade
Chamberlain seemed to genuinely want to improve the lives of natives although he did say “you cannot have omelettes without breaking eggs”
Banned sati in India
