Interventions Exam 1

Question 1

What is your goal when working with a patient with movement limitations?

Answer 1

our goal should be to help the patient reach their goal
BUT that does not mean we will always agree with expectations (patient may want to push themselves too much or might nor feel confident)

Question 2

6 decision making guides

Answer 2

1. begin with the end in mind
2. dynamic systems (Person, Task, Environment)
3. AMAP/ ANAP
4. CCDD
5. modification of activities for a continuum between stability and mobility
6. safety = good body mechanics

Question 3

beginning with end in mind

Answer 3

what is patients goal?

how does activity you are working on contribute?

Question 4

parts of dynamic systems

Answer 4

person, task, environment

Question 5

AMAP/ ANAP

Answer 5

look ahead of where patient is to be sure you are working toward increasing independence
how do we make them capable?

Question 6

CCDD

Answer 6

controlling or preventing a movement is best done closer to center of mass

Question 7

what are best key points of control when attempting to maintain a patient’s stability?

Answer 7

shoulders and hips

Question 8

after 10 minutes, your pt. starts to lean towards the side in her w/c. how could you use CCDD to assist?

Answer 8

ask her to place her hands on armrests and put both feet on footrests (DD)
you can shift her at hips if she needs help (CC)

Question 9

your patient has significant balance issues in coming to standing, so she tends to stiffen up and lean backwards in chair. how might you help her get to standing?

Answer 9

“reach for my hand” “nose over toes”

Question 10

progression from less mobile to more mobile (4 steps)

Answer 10

capacity for mobility -> static stability -> controlled mobility (dynamic stability) -> skill (speed/ coordination)

Question 11

how does posture affect stability?

Answer 11

if you are leaning forwards (kyphosis), center of balance is more forward and more prone to falls

Question 12

base of support

Answer 12

contact area of an object with its supporting surface

Question 13

conditions for stability

Answer 13

BoS is larger
LoG is at or near center of the BoS
CoM lower and closer to the BoS

Question 14

conditions for mobility

Answer 14

BoS is smaller in area
LoG is allowed to move beyond center of BoS
distance of CoM above the BoS is greater

Question 15

stress

Answer 15

force applied to a given area

Question 16

strain

Answer 16

deformation of tissue that occurs as a result of that force

Question 17

pressure

Answer 17

amount of force on a given area

Question 18

why should patients use a cane in the hand opposite the injured leg?

Answer 18

if they hold it on unsafe side, they might lean onto unsafe leg. ALSO widen base of support and shifting center of gravity back to center

Question 19

why do therapists bend their hips and knees when working with patients?

Answer 19

lower center of mass = more stable

Question 20

why do therapists encourage weight training in older adults?

Answer 20

increasing/ managing load, preventing bone loss and muscle atrophy (improving tissue health)

Question 21

why do therapists teach patients to do slow stretches?

Answer 21

tissue accommodation

Question 22

body mechanics

Answer 22

efficient use of body to produce safe, energy conserving, anatomically and physiologically efficient movement which allows maintenance of body balance and control

Question 23

10 cardinals rules of good body mechanics

Answer 23

1. keep load close to body
2. maintain proper base of support (anterior posterior and lateral)
3. stabilize core
4. keep hips and knees slightly flexed
5. lift with your legs
6. exhale upon exertion
7. push rather than pull
8. avoid twisting
9. ** neutral spinal curve **
10. be safe, not sorry, get help!

Question 24

before beginning any session…

Answer 24

1. wash your hands
2. introduce yourself
3. obtain permission to treat
4. confirm DOB
   name preference

Question 25

objectives of short-term positioning

Answer 25

safety
comfort
access

Question 26

finalizing positioning

Answer 26

1. step back and check for safety, comfort, access
2. ask if there is anything else you can do to make them more comfortable
3. provide a call button

Question 27

purposes of long term positioning

Answer 27

patients with limited mobility who cannot easily adjust their positions
i.e. muscle weakness, decreased sensation, neurologically impaired motor control

Question 28

objectives of long-term positioning

Answer 28

safety
prevention
comfort

Question 29

objective of long term positioning: prevention of….

Answer 29

development of pressure ulcers
contractures
edema
promote efficient physiological function of bodily systems
maximize future mobility