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Anatomy > Interval 1 Structural Functions > Flashcards

Interval 1 Structural Functions Flashcards

1
Q

clavicle

A
  • only bone that transmits forces directly from the upper limb to the thorax
  • articulates with the manubrium and the acromium process
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2
Q

Nipple

A

in males landmark for the fourth intercostal space (heart)

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3
Q

Costal margin

A

lower boundary of thoracic cage

formed by cartilages of false ribs 8-12

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4
Q

Naming intercostal spaces

A

named for the rib above

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5
Q

External intercostal muscles

A

elevate ribs and sternum

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6
Q

Internal intercostal muscles

A

depress ribs and sternum

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7
Q

Oblique crease

A

marks the boundary between the anterior abdominal wall and the anterior thigh

contains inguinal ligament

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8
Q

Highest point of iliac crest clinical relevance

A

L4 location

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9
Q

Lumbar Vertebrate

A

L1-L5

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10
Q

Abdominal fascia

A

superficial: campers
deep: scarpas

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11
Q

Thoracoacoacromial artery

A

supplies pectoral major and minor

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12
Q

How many muscle layers in the trunk

A

3

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13
Q

Thorax muscle interrupted by

A

external and internal layers are interrupted by ribs

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14
Q

Location of parietal pleura

A

between 3rd and 4th rib

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15
Q

Intercostal nerves/veins/arteries

A
  • superior part of each intercostal space

- VAN arrangement

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16
Q

Intercostal nerves

A

ventral rami

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17
Q

Rectus Sheath

A

Above the arcuate line: has an anterior and posterior region

  • Anterior: External and part of internal oblique
  • Posterior: Part of internal and transversus abdomens

Below arcuate line: only anterior

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18
Q

Part of the inguinal canal

A

posterior wall
anterior wall
floor
roof

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19
Q

What makes the posterior wall of the inguinal canal

A

formed by the transversalis fascia

first layer that covers the testis

contains deep ring

20
Q

What makes the anterior wall of the inguinal canal

A

aponeurosis of external oblique

superficial ring

21
Q

What makes the floor of the inguinal canal

A

formed by inguinal ligament

22
Q

What makes the roof of the inguinal canal

A

transversus abdominus and internal oblique

23
Q

Layers covering the testis

A

1) External spermatic fascia (external oblique)
2) Cremasteric fascia (internal oblique)
3) Internal spermatic fascia (transversalis fascia)

*passed UNDER the transversus abdominis so this is not a layer

24
Q

Cremaster muscle

A

elevates testis

thermoregulates

consists of fibers of the internal oblique

25
Q

intercostal muscles end where

A

external end before the costo-chondro junction, start at the tubercle of the rib

internal extend from the angle of the rib to the sternum

26
Q

Processus vaginalis

A

part of the peritoneum gets pulled into the scrotum

thermoregulates

27
Q

Tunica vaginalis

A

serous covering of the testis

28
Q

Sternal Angel

A
  • superior vena cava empties into the heart

- marks T4 and T5

29
Q

Skin

A
  • thicker at the dorsal body surface than the ventral
  • two layers: epidermis (stratified squamous) and dermis (loose irregular and dense irregular)
  • epidermis is 5% of the thickness everywhere but palms/feet where it is 50%
30
Q

Serratus muscle

A
  • long thoracic nerve innervates it SUPERFICIALLY (most muscles innervated deep)
  • arises from the ribs
31
Q

Nerves and vessels in the abdomen run through what layers?

A

-internal and inner

32
Q

Two layers of the innermost intercostal muscles

A
  • transverse thoracis (ribs 2-6 on the inside of the rib cage)
  • subcostalis
33
Q

Innervation of the thoracic wall

A
  • ventral rami from T1-11

- ventral rami of T 12 (subcostal nerve)

34
Q

Blood supply to the thoracic wall

A
  • 3 branches
  • pair of internal thoracic arteries
  • descending aorta
35
Q

Anterior intercostal artery

A
  • arises from the internal thoracic artery (branch of subclavian)
  • anterior thoracic wall
36
Q

posterior intercostal artery

A
  • from the descending aorta

- lateral/posterior blood supply

37
Q

drainage of the thoracic wall

A
  • azygos vein

- internal thoracic vein

38
Q

retromammary bursa

A
  • loose connective tissue potential space between the breast and the pectorial fascia
  • breast cancer can invade this space and effect the pectoralis major
39
Q

Breast blood supply

A
  • two sources
    1) medial source - internal thoracic artery
    2) lateral source - axillary and posterior intercostal artery
40
Q

Breast drainage

A
  • main drainage to the axially vein

- also the the internal thoracic and azygos

41
Q

transumbilical plane

A

-between L3 and L4

42
Q

Arcuate line

A

-marks where the inferior epigastric vessels enter the rectus sheath

43
Q

Blood supply to the rectus abdominus

A

superior and inferior epigastric arteries

44
Q

Where is the inferior epigastric vessel located

A

between the transversalis fascia and the peritoneum

45
Q

Superficial inguinal ring transmits:

A

ilioinguinal nerve in both sexes

46
Q

Direct hernia

A
  • processus vaginalis should not persist in childhood
  • sometimes bowl can enter it
  • most common
47
Q

Indirect hernias

A

peritoneal sac enters through a weakend posterior wall of the inguinal canal

more common in adults

Anatomy (9 decks)

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