Interstitial lung disease Flashcards
Where do particles 1-5 um go?
Bifurcation of respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts
Where do particles <0.5 um go?
Reach the alveoli and are phagocytosed by alveolar macrophages
How does anthracosis present?
Asymptomatic – milde exposure, anthracotic pigment in interstitial compartment and lymph nodes
Describe Simple Coal Worker’s Pneumoconiosis?
Fibrous opacities <1 cm
Upper lobes and upper portions of lower lobes
Describe Complicated Coal Worker’s Pneumoconiosis?
Fibrous opacities >1 cm
With or w/o central necrosis
Black lung, massive fibrosis, possible complication Cor pulmonale
What is the pathogenesis of Interstitial lung disease?
Alveolitis (damage to pneumocytes and endothelial cells) –> Leukocytes release cytokines –> stimulate interstitial fibrosis
What are some clinical findings of Interstitial lung disease?
Dry cough and dyspnea
Inspiratory crackle
Cor pulmonale
What is important to know about Silicosis?
Increases the risk for TB and Cancer!!
How might someone get Berylliosis?
Working in nuclear and airspace industry
Does Asbestos exposure increase your risk for TB?
No
Which population does Sarcoidosis commonly affect?
AA, F, non-smokers, <40 yo
How does Sarcoidosis occur?
Disorder of immune regulation: unknown antigen –> interaction with CD4 TH cells –> cytokine release –> recruitment of monocytes/histiocytes –> non-necrotizing granuloma formation
What are some lab findings of Sarcoidosis?
Increased ACE level
Hypercalcemia
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Type III hypersensitivity reaction
If granuloma formation then type IV response also
Which collagen vascular diseases can lead to interstitial lung disease?
SLE
RA
Scleroderma
