Atelectasis and ARDS

Question 1

In compression atelectasis which way does the trachea and mediastinum shift?

Answer 1

Away from the atelectatic lung

Question 2

What is the most common cause of fever 24-36 hours after surgery?

Answer 2

Resorption atelectasis

Question 3

How does resorption atelectasis occur?

Answer 3

Complete airway obstruction –> prevents air from reaching alveoli –> resorption of trapped air through pores of Kohn –> collapse

Question 4

Which way does the trachea deviate in resorption atelectasis? What happens to the diaphragm?

Answer 4

Ipsilateral

Ipsilateral diaphragm elevation

Question 5

What is contraction atelectasis?

Answer 5

Fibrotic changes in lung or pleura that prevent full expansion (not reversible)

Question 6

What do proteins A & D do in surfactant? What about B & C?

Answer 6

A & D: part of innate immunity

B & C: reduce suface tension

Question 7

How do lungs look on CXR with Neonatal atelectasis?

Answer 7

Ground glass appearance

Question 8

What happens if you give a baby with Neonatal atelectasis O2?

Answer 8

Increased production of free radicals –> damages lungs (bronchopulmonary dysplasia) and can lead to cataracts/blindness