Internet Protocol Flashcards
What is base 10 number system?
From 0 to 9
What is base 2 number system?
Binary 0 and 1
What is 10000110 in binary?
128+4+2 = 134
How does logical ANDing work in network address?
It multiplies the binary of the network address with the binary of the subnet mask. So 1 in the network x 1 in the subnet mask would equal 1. But 1 in the network x 0 in the subnet mask(usually the host part is 0) would equal 0
How is subnet mask 255.255.255.0 24 bit network?
Because every octet is 8 bits and the first 3 octet of the IP address are the network portion. So 8 x 3 = 24. A 24 bit subnet mask
What happens when if a 16 bit address (subnet mask 255.255.0.0) has one one octet as all 1’s but the last octet not. Is it a broadcast?
No. As long as the other octet is not all 1’s it’s a valid host address
How many host addresses are possible with a 24 bit subnet mask?
254 host addresses. Because 255 is the broadcast address, so cannot be used as a host address
What is CIDER?
Classless inter-domain routing. It gives customers IPv4 address for any size of subnet mask appropriate to the number of hosts required for that network. Opposed to the 1981 old classful addressing system
When was Classless addressing adopted?
In the 1990’s. Classful was dropped for classless (CIDER)
What address blocks are private?
10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
What is a public IPv4 address opposed to a private IPv4 address?
The public IPv4 address is assigned by the router using NAT (Network Address Translation). It changes the packets source IPv4 address from its private one to the public one that was assigned to the router by the ISP(internet service provider). For the packet to travers outside of its own network.
What organisation manages IPv4 and IPv6 addresses?
IANA(internet assigned numbers authority)
IANA sends blocks of IP addresses tot RiRs (Regional Internet Registeries)
Who then allocate the IP addresses to ISP’s
Who provide IP addresses to organisations and smaller ISP’s
What is a unicast transmission?
A packet going from one device to another. Basically a transmission that isn’t broadcast or going to more than one device is Unicast.
What is Multicast Transmission?
Sending packets to only a select group rather than a full on broadcast that sends to all on that network
What is the address range of Unicast transmissions?
0.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255 (excluding addresses reserved for special purpose)
