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Saher > International Politics Test 1: Chapters 1 - 4 > Flashcards

International Politics Test 1: Chapters 1 - 4 Flashcards

1
Q

World Politics

A

Study of how global actor’s activities entail the exercise of influence to achieve and defend their goals and ideals, and how it affects the world at a large

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2
Q

Image

A

Mental map we have of others including the world and the behavior which follows that image

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3
Q

Cognitive Dissonance

A

Information which conflicts with our beliefs and images also what we do with that information

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4
Q

Mirror Images

A

State or people on opposing sides view each other similarly in a negative light

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5
Q

Nation-State

A

Entity which contains a definable territory, population base, and government

People who see themselves as the same entity because they share the same ethnicity, culture or language

Posses sovereignty

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6
Q

Peace of Westphalia (1648)

A

Settled 30-year war in Europe

Baptized the nation-state as the supreme actor in world politics

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7
Q

Sovereignty

A

Supreme power of state to determine its own domestic and foreign policy without reference to any other state or international enterprise

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8
Q

Transformation

A

Change in the characteristic pattern of interaction among the most active participants in world politics, that it appears as if one global system has been relocated by another

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9
Q

International anarchy

A

Condition in which the units in the global system are subjected to few if any overarching institutions to regulate their conduct

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10
Q

IGOs

Intergovernmental Organizations

A

Institutions created and joined by states government, which gives them the authority to make collective decisions to manage particular problems in global agenda

Ex: United Nations or NATO

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11
Q

NGOs

Non-governmental Organization

A

Transnational organization of private citizens who join together to work for common interests, maintain relationships with IGOs

Ex: Doctors without Boarders and Amnesty International

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12
Q

Super national Organizations

A

Multi-nation political union where negotiated power is delegates to an authority by the government of the nation states

Ex: European Union

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13
Q

MNCs

Multinational Corporation

A

One which has facilities and other assets in one country other than mother country

Ex: Walmart, Toyota, Microsoft

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14
Q

Transnational Trade Organizations

A

Made up of nation-states who agree to partially or completely do away with tariffs or tariff barriers

Ex: Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)

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15
Q

Transnational Terrorist Organizations

A

Individuals from two or more nations who employ terrorist activities over international boarders

Ex: Al-Qaeda, Taliban, ISIS

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16
Q

Realism

A

Drive for power is strong

Interaction with global actors is both a means and an end

Balance of power is essential

National interest should drive foreign policy and should be measured in terms of power

Nation should build up arms to full potential

Reject international messianism

Men’s nature precludes remaking the world

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17
Q

Liberalism

A

Mans nature is positive

Struggle for order is as important as struggle for power

Rejects balance of power as international order

Superiority of American system, should be incorporated into foreign policy and should be spread by American power

Moral obligation to change the world from what it is to what it should be

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18
Q

Constructivism

A

Rejects idea that problems will always be there

Nonmaterial factors like ideology, morality and culture are important in foreign policy

World is what we make of it, understand mental images we hold of others and mental images others hold of us

Use of language impacts reality

Be courageous enough to bring new structures and world to existence

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19
Q

Feminism

A

Traditional theories on international politics reflect only male POV

Peace and national security is defined more expansively

Imperative for women to engage in politics

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20
Q

Marxism

A

Economics dominant in politics and international politics

Mal distribution of wealth exists in international society too

Globalization benefits economic elite and harms workers in developed and developing countries

Reform or revolution is answer

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21
Q

Polarity

A

Degree to which states cluster around the powerful

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22
Q

Bipolarity

A

International structure where two actors are dominant

Very unstable as constant competition
Ex: US and USSR during Cold War

23
Q

Tripolarity

A

International system where there are three dominant actors

24
Q

Multipolarity

A

International system where four or more actors are dominant

25
Q

Unit-Veto System

A

Acquisition of nuclear weapons is wide spread, to go to war with fellow nuclear war actor can bring chaos or destruction. More actors that have nukes, more likely to be used.

26
Q

Threshold Nation

A

Any country having the ability to develop nuclear weapons easily

Ex: Japan, Canada, Iran, Brazil, Germany and South Korea

27
Q

Geopolitics

A

Concerns that the geography of international politics particularly the relationship between the physical environment and the conduct of foreign policy

28
Q

Iron-Triangle Politics

A

Agencies, interest groups and congressional Committees or Subcommittees have a parasitic relationship where they feed off each other

29
Q

Groupthink

A

Propensity for members of a group to accept and agree with the groups prevailing attitudes rather than speaking out for what they believe in

30
Q

Satisficing Policy

A

Accepts what is acceptable to others

31
Q

Political Culture

A

Values and beliefs that citizens hold about their political system

32
Q

Extraversion

A

Assertiveness, sociable, excitement-seeking, warmth, energetic

33
Q

Agreeableness

A

Altruism, trust, compliance, modestly, directness, compassion

34
Q

Conscientiousness

A

Self discipline, deliberation, order, competence, sense of duty and ambition

35
Q

Emotional Stability

A

Impulsiveness, vulnerability, self-consciousness, anxiety, hostility and depression

36
Q

Openness

A

To ideas, feelings, aesthetics, fantasy

37
Q

Long-Cycle Theory

A

Rise and fall of the leading global powers, international affairs is dominated by hegemonies

38
Q

Hegemonies

A

Preponderant state capable of dominating the conduct of international, political and economical relations

39
Q

Policy of appeasement

A

diplomatic policy of making political or material concessions to an aggressive power in order to avoid conflict

Ex: giving Hitler land to sop him from further invasions

40
Q

Munich Pact (1938)

A

agreement between Britain, France, Italy and Germany in 1938, under which Germany was allowed to extend its territory into parts of Czechoslovakia in which German-speaking peoples lived

41
Q

Truman Doctrine (1947)

A

US foreign policy would use intervention to support people who allied with US against communist USSR

42
Q

Zero-sum Game

A

Mathematical representation in which there is a winner or loser
Hegemony for winner
What is gained by the winner is equal to what is lost by the loser

43
Q

Marshall Plan

A

Economic aid to Western Europe to help rebuild after World War II

44
Q

NATO

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

intergovernmental military alliance between 29 North American and European countries.

45
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

collective defence treaty signed in Warsaw, Poland between the Soviet Union and seven Eastern Bloc satellite states of Central and Eastern Europe in May 1955, during the Cold War.

46
Q

Mikail Gorbachev

A

President when USSR economy was drowning and people no longer agreed with communism

Liberalized and Democraticalized and had limited capitalism in USSR

Withdrew from Afghanistan

Let Satellite states chose their own style of governance

47
Q

Francis Fukuyama

A

“The end of history” after the fall of USSR

Fulfillment of enlightenment, universal action of liberal democracy

48
Q

Unipolar moment

A

International observers at the end of the Cold War predicted that the unipolar international system characterized by a single superpower, the United States, would be short-lived—a mere “moment” between the collapse of the Soviet Union and the rise of new great powers

49
Q

Soft power

A

Reputation, value and attractiveness

50
Q

Unilateralism

A

approach in international relations in which states act without regard to the interests of other states or without their support.

51
Q

Paul Kennedy

Imperial Overstretch

A

“The Rise and Fall of Great Powers”

Imperial overstretch: the gap between internal resources and external commitments grew so large that it ultimately pushed great powers from pinical of powers

52
Q

Purchasing Power Parity

A

theory that measures prices at different locations using a common good or goods to contrast the real purchasing power between different currencies

53
Q

One belt-one road strategy

A

Seeks through trade. Foreign aid donations, infrastructure projects outside China, commodity purchasing etc to stretch influence throughout Asia and Europe

54
Q

Vladimir Putin

A

Desires to keep sphere of influence with satellite states

Goals: Breakup NATO, EU and weaken democracy

Right wing populist icon

Kills off political opponents

May possibly be richest man alive

Saher (7 decks)

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