international finance & global challenges

Question 1

what is the central bank?

Answer 1

national bank that provides financial/banking services for gov and commercial banking system

Question 2

how does monetary policy relate to money supply?

Answer 2

buying bonds INCREASES money supply
selling bonds DECREASES

Question 3

what is exchange rate?

Answer 3

price of one currency in relation to another

floating-the market determines value of one currency in relation to another
fixed- gov keeps currency at established value

Question 4

what are development actors?

Answer 4

international organizations, states, private individuals

Question 5

what is the world bank??

Answer 5

international bank for reconstruction and development (loans for middle-income states)

cristicsm: prioritize free market, lack of accountability

Question 6

what is the international development agency?

Answer 6

interest-free loans to poor states

Question 7

what is the goal of the international monetary fund?

Answer 7

originially it was stability in exchange rates, now loans and advice

criticism: policies undermine sovereignty of recipient countries

Question 8

what is the balance of payment deficit?

Answer 8

occurs when a country imports more goods, services, and capital than it exports

short term- fuels economic growth
long term- debt

Question 9

what is the “washington consensus” of the 1980s?

Answer 9

characterized by privatization, gov deregulation, tax reform, and liberalization of trade & foreign direct investment

Question 10

what are the 3 types of migrants?

Answer 10

1. refugees, internally displaced people (idps), and economic igrants

Question 10

what is a refugee?

Answer 10

a person who has been forced to leave their country to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster

Question 11

what is the non-refoulemnt principle?

Answer 11

under international law, refugees cannot be forced to return to their country

Question 11

what is an asylum-seeker?

Answer 11

any person who is seeking international protection

not yet a refugee

Question 11

what is an interallly-displaced person (idp)?

Answer 11

someone who has been forced to flee from their home but who remains within their country’s borders

Question 12

what is terrorism?

Answer 12

the unlawful use of iolence and intimidation, especially against civilians, in pursuit of political aims

Question 13

who uses terrorism?

Answer 13

more common in unconvential wars (focus on military and non-military targets, guerilla tactics, chemical weapons)

strategy of the weak?

Question 14

how has the un’s role changed after 9/11:

Answer 14

before: condemation of international terrorism, targeted sanctions on taliban, adoption of select conventions on specific terrorist attacks
after: expantratds of al-qaida targeted sanctions, integrate convo about terrorism with concerns about root causes of human rights

Question 15

what are the pillars of global counterterrorism strategy?

Answer 15

1. conditions conducive to terrorism
2. measures to prevent and combat terrorism
3. measures to build capacity and prevent terrorism
4. measures to ensure respect for human rights and rule of law