Internal Organization And Homeostasis Flashcards
The study of an organisms structure:
Anatomy
The study of how structures work:
Physiology
The process of maintaining a relatively constant internal state despite fluctuations in the external environment:
Homeostasis
The order of the body’s organizational hierarchy:
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
What are the four tissue types:
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous
What tissue type is single or multiple layer of flattened, cube-shaped, or columnar cells?
Epithelial
What type of tissue consists of cells scattered in prominent extracellular matrix?
Connective
What type of tissue consists of elongated cells that contract when stimulated?
Muscle
What type of tissue consists of cells that transmit electrochemical impulses?
Nervous
Epidermis, lining of digestive tract
Epithelial
Tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone, blood, fat deposits
Connective
Skeletal muscles, heart, arteries, digestive tract
Muscle
Brain, spinal cord, nerves
Nervous
Cover interior and exterior surfaces of organs, protection, secretion, absorption
Connective
Movement
Muscle
Rapid communication among cells
Nervous
What type of tissue forms glands?
Epithelial
80% of cancers occur in which tissue type?
Epithelial
Types of connective tissue:
Loose
Dense
Supporting
Fluid
Connective tissue that attaches muscle to bones:
Tendons (dense)
Type of connective tissue that attaches bone to bone:
Ligaments
Types of muscle tissue:
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth
Nervous tissues cell types:
Neurons
Glias
Cells that receive, process, and transmit information
Neurons
Cells that support and assist neurons:
Glias
This system detects, interprets, and responds to stimuli from outside and within the body:
Nervous system
This system produces hormones and works with the nervous system to control many body functions:
Endocrine system
The nervous system consists of two subsystems:
Central nervous system (CNS)
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
The CNS includes:
The brain and spinal cord
The PNS consists of:
Other neurons that carry information between the CNS and the rest of the body
The system consisting of glands that secrete hormones:
Endocrine system
The organ systems responsible for communication:
Nervous and endocrine systems
The organ systems responsible for support and movement:
Skeletal and muscular systems
This system provides framework for muscles to attach, making movement possible, houses bone marrow, protects soft organs and stores minerals:
Skeletal system
This system supports posture and enables the body to move:
Muscular system
The skeletal system consists of:
Bones, ligaments, cartilage
Axial skeleton
Appendicular skeleton
Which organ system dismantled food, absorbs small molecules, and eliminates indigestible wastes?
Digestive system
Which organ system consists of blood, vessels, and the heart. Transports food molecules throughout the body?
Circulatory system
Which organ system exchanges gases with the atmosphere and includes the the upper and lower respiratory ?
Respiratory system
Which organ system removes water-soluble wastes and other toxins from blood and eliminates them in urine?
Urinary system
Which organ system provides physical protection and consists of skin, hair, nails and associated glands?
Integumentary system
Which organ system fights disease and consists of white blood cells?
Immune system
Which organ system is the bridge between the immune and circulatory systems and consists of the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes?
Lymphatic system
Which organ system consists of organs that produce and transport super and egg cells?
Reproductive system
Type of animals that are able to maintain temperature through their metabolism:
Endotherms
Type of animals that depend on heat from the environment:
Ectotherms
What is not true if most food we eat?
A)It is too complex for immediate absorption by the digestive system
B)It must be broken down into simpler subunits before it can be absorbed
C)It can be immediately assimilated by the digestive system
C) it can be immediately assimilated by the digestive system
Cellulose can’t be digested by most animals:
True
False
True
There is less energy in 1 gram of lipid than in either carbohydrates or proteins
True
False
False
Digestion starts in the:
A)Small intestine
B)Stomach
C)Esophagus
D)Mouth
D)Mouth
Blood is what type of tissue?
Connective
Which tissue type has the most mitochondria?
Muscle
What are the 3 types of muscle tissue:
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth
Bone is what type of tissue?
Connective
What connects bone to bone?
Ligaments
What connects bone to muscle?
Tendons
Muscle cells relax when electrically stimulated
True
False
False
