Defense Against Disease

Question 1

Disease-causing microbes that can be found on almost any surface we touch

Answer 1

Pathogens

Question 2

Organism that becomes infected with a pathogen

Answer 2

Host

Question 3

Virus responsible for about half of all cases of the common cold:

Answer 3

Rhinovirus

Question 4

Bacteria responsible for large outbreaks of food poisoning:

Answer 4

Salmonella

Question 5

Flagellated protist that causes diarrhea and fatigue as a result of drinking contaminated water:

Answer 5

Giardia

Question 6

Fungus that causes athletes foot and scalp ringworm:

Answer 6

Trichophyton

Question 7

Human pinworm

Answer 7

Enterobius

Question 8

The system that protects us against most infectious agents:

Answer 8

Immune system

Question 9

What is the first line of defense?

Answer 9

External barriers

Question 10

What is the second line of defense?

Answer 10

Innate immune system

Question 11

What is the 3rd line of defense?

Answer 11

Adaptive immune system

Question 12

Which defense is physical, chemical and non-specific?

Answer 12

First - external barriers

Question 13

Which defense is internal, rapid response and non-specific?

Answer 13

Second - inmate immune system

Question 14

Which defense is internal, slow response, pathogen-specific, and has memory?

Answer 14

Third - adaptive immune system

Question 15

Physical and chemical barriers of the first line of defense include:

Answer 15

Skin
Sweat
Mucus
Acid pH of skin

Question 16

Cells from this line of defense can tell self from non-self:

Answer 16

Second - innate immune system

Question 17

White blood cells are called:

Answer 17

Phagocytes

Question 18

Two types of phagocytes:

Answer 18

Macrophage

Neutrophil

Question 19

The most abundant type of white blood cell:

Answer 19

Neutrophil

Question 20

The innate immune system responds by:

Answer 20

Inflammation
Clotting
Fever

Question 21

The response to tissue damage and prevention of entry or spread of a pathogen is called:

Answer 21

Inflammation

Question 22

Reduces blood loss and restores physical barrier, uses platelets:

Answer 22

Clotting

Question 23

Inhibits growth of many pathogens and speeds up tissue repair:

Answer 23

Fever

Question 24

This line of defense resists specific pathogens on a long-term basis:

Answer 24

Third - adaptive immune system

Question 25

Type of immunity that uses antibodies to identify cells for destruction

Answer 25

Antibody-mediated immunity

Question 26

Type of immunity that destroys cells harboring pathogens

Answer 26

Cell-mediated immunity

Question 27

Defense that develops antibody memory

Answer 27

Third - adaptive immune system

Question 28

Lymphocytes originate from stem cells located in:

Answer 28

Bone marrow

Question 29

B cells mature in:

Answer 29

Bone marrow

Question 30

T cells mature in:

Answer 30

The thymus

Question 31

These cells respond rapidly and in higher numbers during a second infection

Answer 31

Memory cells

Question 32

The purpose of the first line of defense is:

A)attacking any non-self cells
B)develop antibody memory
C)keeping pathogens from accessing the body
D)All are correct

Answer 32

C)keeping pathogens from accessing the body

Question 33

Skin is part of which line of defense?

Answer 33

First

Question 34

The first line of defense is not pathogen-specific

True
False

Answer 34

True

Question 35

The second line of defense:

A)attacks any non-self cells
B)develops antibody memory
C)keeps pathogens from accessing the body
D)All are correct

Answer 35

A)attacks any non-self cells

Question 36

What are characteristics of the second line of defense?

A)sweat, mucus, acid pH of skin
B)cell-mediated immunity, memory
C)antibody-mediated immunity, slow response
D)inflammation, quick response, no cell memory

Answer 36

D)inflammation, quick response, no cell memory

Question 37

Which of the following is not a reaction to fever?

A)increased rate of tissue repair
B)reduction of blood loss
C)All are reactions to fever
D)growth inhibition of pathogens

Answer 37

B)reduction of blood loss

Question 38

The third line of defense:

A)All are correct
B)takes longer to respond than the innate immune system
C)creates antibody memory
D)is pathogen-specific

Answer 38

A)All are correct

Question 39

Antibody response to the first infection is faster than to subsequent infections

True
False

Answer 39

False

Question 40

You get your annual flue shot. Approximately how long will it take your adaptive immune system to become fully effective?

1 week
2 weeks
4 weeks
3 weeks

Answer 40

2 weeks