Internal energy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is internal energy?

A

The sum of the randomly distributed kinetic and potential energies of atoms or molecules within the substance.

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2
Q

How can you increase the internal energy of a body?

A
  • Increasing temperature: Average KE will increase therefore internal energy increases
  • Change phase: Electrostatic potential energy increases significantly
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3
Q

What is the electrostatic potential energy in a Gas and why?

A

Zero because there are negligible electrical forces between atoms or molecules.

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4
Q

What is the electrostatic potential energy in a Liquid and why?

A

Negative because energy needs to be supplied to break the atomic or molecular bonds.

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5
Q

What is the electrostatic potential energy in a Solid and why?

A

Large negative value because electrostatic forces are very large.

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