Internal computer architrcture Flashcards
what is the CPU
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
What is the RAM
Random access memory
what is the ALU and what does it do
- the arithmetic logic unit does arithmetic and logic operations
what is the CU and what does it do
- Coordinates all activities of the CPU
- Directs flow of data between the CPU and other devices
- Accepts, decodes and handles execution of instructions
- sends memory reads and writes to main memory
- makes use of the status register and clock
examples of registers within the CPU
- IR
- CIR
- ACC
- MDR
- PC
what are registers
memory locations within the processor which work at very high speeds, and they are used to control the fetch decode execute cycle
summarise the PC
- program counter
- stores the address of the next instruction
summarise the MAR
- memory address register
- stores the address of the data or the instructions that are to be fetched from or sent to the memory
summarise the MDR
- memory data register
- temporarily stores the data that is to be sent to or fetched from the memory
summarise the CIR
- current instruction register
- stores the actual instruction being decoded and executed
what does the ACC do
the accumulator stores the result of calculations
summarise address bus
carries the address of the instruction or data in the MAR from the processor to the memory, unidirectional
summarise data bus
the data bus carries data between the processor and the memory, bidirectional
summarise the control bus
controls signals between the processor and the components, bidirectional
What does the status register do
- Contains information about the state of the processor