Internal and external war

Question 1

What happened from March 1793 ?

Answer 1

France found itself fighting against the war of the first coalition (lasted 5 years)
Put a strain on France

Question 2

Successes in spreading of the war

Answer 2

• 1792-1793 French fortunes had turned eg success in Austrian Netherlands
• Justified this by claiming France was just claiming its natural frontiers

Question 3

The rising in the vendee

Answer 3

• motivations : Rural, catholic and a large number of refectory priests, peasants were worse off than they had been under the ancien regime
  Uprising began response to a levy for 300,000 men in March 1793
• A royal army was formed and cholet was seized with massacres
• May/June 1793 : Convention sent 30,000 men to control the rebellion but it continued to spread
• 1st Aug : Decree for the destruction of the Vendee
• Oct : failed to get the upper hand and in Dec the core vendeean army had been destroyed
• 8000/17000 executed out of the total of the terror

Question 4

When was the committee of General security est and what was it for ?

Answer 4

Oct 1792 - policing and administration of justice

Question 5

Draft of 300,000 men requested and consequences

Answer 5

Feb 1793 and caused the rising in the vendee

Question 6

When was the revolutionary tribunal est and what did it do ?

Answer 6

To try counter revolutionaries

March 1793

Question 7

What else happened in march 1793 ? (2 things)

Answer 7

1. Rebels bearing arms could be executed without appeal within 24 hours
2. Surveillance committees were set up in every commune to look out for suspicious behaviour

Question 8

when was the committee of public safety set up and what was its role ?

Answer 8

April 1793

Authority over the CGS and responsible for conduct of war, control of the army and application of revolutionary laws

Question 9

Sans-culotte dissatisfaction

Answer 9

• Little better living conditions that 1789
• Disturbances in Paris in Feb/March over the price of bread and soap
• Repeated calls for price control decrees
• Increasingly militant
• Food prices rose by 90% from 1791-1793

Question 10

Attacks on the Girondin

Answer 10

• Marat penned attacks on the Girondins and portrayed them as bourgeoisie as well as blaming them for France’s problems
• Attcaks on the girondins printing presses in March 1793
• Girondins produced an indictment for Marats arrest but he was acquitted 12 days later

Question 11

What happen on 3rd May 1793 and what where the consequences ?

Answer 11

• 8,000 SC surrounded the convention demanded controls on bread
• Robespierre won a vote on price controls which the Girondin opposed
• Alliance between the SC and Jacobins was confirmed

Question 12

What happened on the 31st May-2nd June 1793 ?

Answer 12

Robespierre called for a rising against corrupt deputies and crowds of 100,000 arrived and 26 Girondin deputies had been expelled

Question 13

Federalist revolt

Answer 13

• 29th May 1793
• Jacobins in Lyon were forced out of their offices
• 60/83 departments protested the expulsion of the Girondins
• Similar time as the Rising in the Vendee
• Toulon went further and appealed for help from an Anglo-Spanish fleet
• The army and representatives en mission forced the cities back in to line (July-Oct)