Intermolecular forces Flashcards
Name the three types of IMFs in order of strength from highest to lowest
Hydrogen bonding, dipole, induced dipole
Where do induced dipole forces occur
In any molecule but are the only ones that can be present in non-polar molecules
How do induced dipoles occur
As electrons move in the orbit, by chance they might all sit in one area of the orbit making that area slightly negative, and another area of the molecule slightly positive, if only for a split second. This can cause attraction and repulsion in nearby molecules, and induces a dipole in them too, like a chain reaction
What can strengthen an induced dipole attraction
More electrons, ie. a greater Mr
Where do dipole forces occur
Between polar molecules
Why are dipole forces stronger than induced dipole forces
Because they’re permanent
How do dipole forces work
The negative end of the molecule is attracted to the positive end of another
Where does hydrogen bonding occur
Between molecules where hydrogen is directly bonded to either oxygen, nitrogen or fluorine.
